{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T21:27:50Z","timestamp":1791581270041,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":46,"publisher":"Wiley","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791504000000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["82302144"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["82302144"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Magnetic Resonance Imaging"],"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n Background<\/jats:title>\n Mounting evidence revealed that the weakened coupling between CSF flow and global brain activity (gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling) is associated with Alzheimer's Disease (AD) pathology and cognitive impairments. However, the mechanisms underlying this weakened coupling remain unclear.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Purpose<\/jats:title>\n To investigate the region\u2010specific effects of cerebrovascular reactivity (CVR) on the gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Study Type<\/jats:title>\n Retrospective.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Population<\/jats:title>\n One hundred ninety\u2010eight cognitively normal controls (70.2\u2009\u00b1\u20098.7\u2009years; 128 female, 70 male), 115 mild cognitive impairment patients (73.1\u2009\u00b1\u20097.1\u2009years; 50 female, 65 male), and 24 dementia patients (75\u2009\u00b1\u20099.3\u2009years; 14 female, 10 male) from ADNI.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Field Strength\/Sequence<\/jats:title>\n 3\u2009T gradient\u2010echo blood\u2010oxygenation\u2010level\u2010dependent (BOLD).<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Assessment<\/jats:title>\n gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling and CVR maps were respectively derived from resting\u2010state fMRI. The former reflects the temporal coordination between CSF dynamics and global neurovascular fluctuations, while the latter quantifies the capacity of vessels to dilate or constrict. AD\u2010related clinical scales including A\u03b2\u2010PET, tau\u2010PET, and cognitive assessments were also involved.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Statistical Tests<\/jats:title>\n \n Linear regression models were employed to examine the association of gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling with AD\u2010related clinical scales and with CVR of major cerebral arteries. Mediation analyses were employed to investigate the potential pathways linking these metrics.\n p<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009<\u20090.05 was considered significant.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Results<\/jats:title>\n \n gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling was significantly associated with cognitive assessments (CDR Global:\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.366; ADAS\u2010Cog:\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200910.613), accumulation of cortical summary A\u03b2 (\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u200937.937) and tau in Braak stage ROIs (Braak I\u2010II:\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.444; Braak III\u2010IV:\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.565; Braak V\u2010VI:\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u20090.474). Analysis also revealed the regional differences in the association of gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling with CVR. CVR, especially in posterior cerebral arteries (PCA) region, was significantly associated with gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling (\n \u03b2<\/jats:italic>\n \u2009=\u2009\u22120.313). The gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling, both directly and through its effect on the accumulation of A\u03b2 and tau, mediated the association between CVR and cognition.\n <\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Data Conclusion<\/jats:title>\n Data revealed a significant CVR\u2010coupling association in the PCA region and potential pathways linking CVR, gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling, AD pathology, and cognition, providing deeper insights into weakened gBOLD\u2010CSF coupling in AD.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Evidence Level<\/jats:title>\n 3.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>\n \n Technical Efficacy<\/jats:title>\n Stage 2.<\/jats:p>\n <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmri.70584","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]],"date-time":"2026-10-09T10:01:22Z","timestamp":1791540082000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["The Effects of Cerebrovascular Reactivity on the Coupling Between\n CSF<\/scp>\n Dynamics and Global Neurovascular Fluctuations in the Alzheimer's Disease Continuum"],"prefix":"10.1002","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0009-0007-2999-2655","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Yutian","family":"Wang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Dayong","family":"Ge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhecheng","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4933-3183","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Li","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9303-5821","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Dan","family":"Wu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9462-7768","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Zixuan","family":"Lin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Key Laboratory for Biomedical Engineering of Ministry of Education, Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Biomedical Engineering & Instrument Science Zhejiang University Hangzhou Zhejiang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"name":"for the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_10_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"545","DOI":"10.1016\/j.neuint.2003.11.006","article-title":"Evidence for Bulk Flow of Brain Interstitial Fluid: Significance for Physiology and Pathology","volume":"45","author":"Abbott N. 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