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(<jats:italic>Dis Colon Rectum<\/jats:italic> 2008; <jats:bold>51<\/jats:bold>: 147\u201353) stated a patient's tolerance of chemoradiation to be an important prediction of treatment success. A new intensity modulated radiation therapy (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMRT<\/jats:styled-content>) technique for anal carcinoma cases has been developed at the Andrew Love Cancer Centre aimed at reducing radiation to surrounding healthy tissue.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A same\u2010subject repeated measures design was used for this study, where five anal carcinoma cases at the Andrew Love Cancer Centre were selected. Conformal and <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMRT<\/jats:styled-content> plans were generated and dosimetric evaluations were performed. Each plan was prescribed a total of 54 Gray (Gy) over a course of 30 fractions to the primary site.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMRT<\/jats:styled-content> plans resulted in improved dosimetry to the planning target volume (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">PTV<\/jats:styled-content>) and reduction in radiation to the critical structures (bladder, external genitalia and femoral heads). Statistically there was no difference between the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMRT<\/jats:styled-content> and conformal plans in the dose to the small and large bowel; however, the bowel <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMRT<\/jats:styled-content> dose\u2013volume histogram (<jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">DVH<\/jats:styled-content>) doses were consistently lower.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>The <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMRT<\/jats:styled-content> plans were superior to the conformal plans with improved dose conformity and reduced radiation to the surrounding healthy tissue. Anecdotally it was found that patients tolerated the <jats:styled-content style=\"fixed-case\">IMRT<\/jats:styled-content> treatment better than the three\u2010dimensional (3D) conformal radiation therapy. This study describes and compares the planning techniques.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.28","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,25]],"date-time":"2013-11-25T11:14:00Z","timestamp":1385378040000},"page":"145-155","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Carcinoma of the anal canal: Intensity modulated radiation therapy (<scp>IMRT<\/scp>) versus three\u2010dimensional conformal radiation therapy (3<scp>DCRT<\/scp>)"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"60","author":[{"given":"Charlotte","family":"Sale","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrew Love Cancer Centre Geelong Hospital Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Phillip","family":"Moloney","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrew Love Cancer Centre Geelong Hospital Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maitham","family":"Mathlum","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Andrew Love Cancer Centre Geelong Hospital Geelong Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,25]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","unstructured":"Australian Institute of Health and Welfare & Australasian Association of Cancer Registries (AIHW & AACR).Cancer in Australia 2001 AIHW Cat. 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