{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,8]],"date-time":"2026-09-08T09:53:30Z","timestamp":1788861210928,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":40,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1645142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Medical Radiation Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>The use of ionising radiation results in occupational exposure to medical imaging professionals, requiring routine monitoring. This study aims to assess the effect of increased utilisation of mobile X\u2010ray units, mobile imaging of non\u2010routine body regions and radiographer work practice changes for impact on staff radiation dose during the early stages of the COVID\u201019 pandemic.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>A retrospective analysis of general radiology departments across two metropolitan hospitals was performed. Personal radiation monitor exposure reports between January 2019 and December 2020 were analysed. Statistical analysis was conducted using a Mann\u2013Whitney <jats:italic>U<\/jats:italic> test when comparing each quarter, from 2019 to 2020. Categorical data were compared using a Chi\u2010squared test.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>Mobile X\u2010ray use during the pandemic increased approximately 1.7\u2010fold, with the peak usage observed in September 2020. The mobile imaging rate per month of non\u2010routine body regions increased from approximately 6.0\u20137.8%. Reported doses\u2009marginally\u2009increased during Q2, Q3 and Q4 of 2020 (in comparison to 2019 data), though was not statistically significant (Q2: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.13;\u2009Q3: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.31 and Q4 <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.32). In Q1, doses marginally\u2009decreased and were not statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.22).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Increased utilisation and work practice changes had no significant effect on reported staff radiation dose. The average reported dose remained significantly lower than the occupational dose limits for radiation workers of 20\u2009mSv.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.570","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]],"date-time":"2022-02-18T18:23:09Z","timestamp":1645208589000},"page":"147-155","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["COVID\u201019 pandemic and the effect of increased utilisation of mobile X\u2010ray examinations on radiation dose to radiographers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"69","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1940-3112","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Phoebe","family":"Yeung","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Health Imaging Monash Health  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-6654-0278","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jo\u2010Anne","family":"Pinson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Health Imaging Monash Health  Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging Peninsula Health  Frankston Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, School of Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1512-620X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Michael","family":"Lawson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Health Imaging Monash Health  Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Faculty of Engineering, Centre of Medical and Radiation Physics, School of Physics University of Wollongong  Keiraville New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christopher","family":"Leong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Health Imaging Monash Health  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8029-9951","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Mohamed Khaldoun","family":"Badawy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Monash Health Imaging Monash Health  Clayton Victoria Australia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Imaging and Radiation Sciences, School of Allied Health Care, Faculty of Medicine, Nursing and Health Sciences Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"WHO Director\u2010General's opening remarks at the media briefing on. [press release] 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","unstructured":"Health Do Coronavirus (COVID\u201019) current situation and case numbers [Web Page]. Department of Health Australian Government;2020[updated 9 November 2020]. Available from:https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/news\/health\u2010alerts\/novel\u2010coronavirus\u20102019\u2010ncov\u2010health\u2010alert\/coronavirus\u2010covid\u201019\u2010current\u2010situation\u2010and\u2010case\u2010numbers#covid19\u2010summary\u2010statistics."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","unstructured":"Control ECfDPa.COVID\u201019 situation update worldwide as of week 72021[updated 25th February 2021]. Available from:https:\/\/www.ecdc.europa.eu\/en\/geographical\u2010distribution\u20102019\u2010ncov\u2010cases"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","unstructured":"First confirmed case of novel coronavirus in Australia [press release]. Department of Health Australia 2021."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.423"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(20)30120-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7861\/clinmed.2019-coron"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s13246-020-00899-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_10_1","unstructured":"Services DoHaH.Victorian coronavirus (COVID\u201019) testing criteria. Victorian State Government2021Available from:https:\/\/www.dhhs.vic.gov.au\/assessment\u2010and\u2010testing\u2010criteria\u2010coronavirus\u2010covid\u201019"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_11_1","first-page":"e200420","article-title":"Social distancing with portable chest radiographs during the COVID\u201019 pandemic: assessment of radiograph technique and image quality obtained at 6 feet and through glass","volume":"2","author":"Gange CP","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_12_1","unstructured":"Victorian Department of Health and Human Services V.COVID\u201019 \u2010 A guide to the conventional usage of personal protection equipment. Victoria DHHS;2021. p. 7."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.04.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2020.03.025"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020201754"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200988"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4329\/wjr.v13.i5.102"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.radi.2020.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_19_1","first-page":"e200280","article-title":"A characteristic chest radiographic pattern in the setting of the COVID\u201019 pandemic","volume":"2","author":"Smith DL","year":"2020","journal-title":"Radiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m2426"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_21_1","unstructured":"COVID\u201019 testing in Australia \u2010 information for health professioals [press release].2021."},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_7_22_1","first-page":"CD013639","article-title":"Thoracic imaging tests for the diagnosis of COVID\u201019","volume":"3","author":"Islam N","year":"2021","journal-title":"Cochrane Database Syst Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.462"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_24_1","unstructured":"Australia MRPBo.Code of conduct for medical radiation practitioners. Australia;2014."},{"key":"e_1_2_7_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1875-9572(10)60061-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3344\/kjp.2018.31.3.145"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_27_1","unstructured":"ARPaNSA (ARPANSA).Occupational exposure: medical workers2012https:\/\/www.arpansa.gov.au\/understanding\u2010radiation\/sources\u2010radiation\/occupational\u2010exposure\/occupational\u2010exposure\u2010medical"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00134-021-06352-y"},{"issue":"1","key":"e_1_2_7_29_1","first-page":"64","article-title":"Scatter radiation exposure during mobile X\u2010ray examinations","volume":"17","author":"Abrantes A","year":"2017","journal-title":"HealthManagement"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.clinimag.2020.06.031"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_7_31_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The 2007 recommendations of the international commission on radiological protection. ICRP publication 103","volume":"37","author":"Protection ICoR","year":"2007","journal-title":"Ann ICRP"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.acra.2020.06.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2020.05.004"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jacr.2020.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_35_1","article-title":"Decreased medical care during the COVID\u201019 pandemic \u2010 a comprehensive analysis of radiological examinations","author":"Fleckenstein FN","year":"2021","journal-title":"Fortschritte Auf Dem Gebiete Der Rontgenstrahlen Und Der Nuklearmedizin"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_36_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/1754-9485.13097"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_37_1","unstructured":"Australia DoH.Coronavirus (COVID\u201019) current situation and case numbers [Website]. Department of Health Australian Government2021Available from:https:\/\/www.health.gov.au\/news\/health\u2010alerts\/novel\u2010coronavirus\u20102019\u2010ncov\u2010health\u2010alert\/coronavirus\u2010covid\u201019\u2010current\u2010situation\u2010and\u2010case\u2010numbers"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_38_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0247686"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_39_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1088\/0952-4746\/35\/3\/727"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_40_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/rpd\/ncr391"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_41_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.apradiso.2020.109123"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Radiation Sciences"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmrs.570","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmrs.570","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmrs.570","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,8,23]],"date-time":"2023-08-23T23:04:12Z","timestamp":1692831852000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmrs.570"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"references-count":40,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2022,6]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmrs.570"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmrs.570","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["2051-3895","2051-3909"],"issn-type":[{"value":"2051-3895","type":"print"},{"value":"2051-3909","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2022,2,18]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2021-05-25","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-01-18","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2022-02-18","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}