{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,5,13]],"date-time":"2025-05-13T15:22:48Z","timestamp":1747149768335,"version":"3.40.5"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"S2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,7]],"date-time":"2023-02-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1675728000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Medical Radiation Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,4]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) demonstrates superior soft tissue contrast and is increasingly being used in radiotherapy planning. This study evaluated the impact of an education workshop in minimising inter\u2010observer variation (IOV) for nasopharyngeal organs at risk (OAR) delineation on MRI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten observers delineated 14 OARs on 4 retrospective nasopharyngeal MRI data sets. Standard contouring guidelines were provided pre\u2010workshop. Following an education workshop on MRI OAR delineation, observers blinded to their original contours repeated the 14 OAR delineations. For comparison, reference volumes were delineated by two head and neck radiation oncologists. IOV was evaluated using dice similarity coefficient (DSC), Hausdorff distance (HD) and relative volume. Location of largest deviations was evaluated with centroid values. Observer confidence pre\u2010 and post\u2010workshop was also recorded using a 6\u2010point Likert scale. The workshop was deemed beneficial for an OAR if \u226550% of observers mean scores improved in any metric and \u226550% of observers' confidence improved.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>All OARs had \u226550% of observers improve in at least one metric. Base of tongue, larynx, spinal cord and right temporal lobe were the only OARs achieving a mean DSC score of \u22650.7. Base of tongue, left and right lacrimal glands, larynx, left optic nerve and right parotid gland all exhibited statistically significant HD improvements post\u2010workshop (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Brainstem and left and right temporal lobes all had statistically significant relative volume improvements post\u2010workshop (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). Post\u2010workshop observer confidence improvement was observed for all OARs (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusions<\/jats:title><jats:p>The educational workshop reduced IOV and improved observers' confidence when delineating nasopharyngeal OARs on MRI.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.651","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,2,8]],"date-time":"2023-02-08T05:31:35Z","timestamp":1675834295000},"page":"59-69","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Magnetic resonance imaging organ at risk delineation for nasopharyngeal radiotherapy: Measuring the effectiveness of an educational intervention"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-5160-6200","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Olivia","family":"Ryan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health, Medicine and Wellbeing, School of Health Sciences The University of Newcastle  Callaghan New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Liverpool and Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centres South Western Sydney Local Health District  Liverpool New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research  Liverpool New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kylie","family":"Dundas","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Liverpool and Macarthur Cancer Therapy Centres South Western Sydney Local Health District  Liverpool New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Ingham Institute of Applied Medical Research  Liverpool New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"South Western Sydney Clinical School, Faculty of Medicine University of New South Wales  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yolanda","family":"Surjan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Health, 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