{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,5,13]],"date-time":"2026-05-13T11:34:03Z","timestamp":1778672043271,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":31,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,2]],"date-time":"2023-07-02T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1688256000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by-nc-nd\/4.0\/"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J of Medical Radiation Sci"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2023,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:title>Introduction<\/jats:title><jats:p>Correlations between radiation dose\/volume measures and small bowel (SB) toxicity are inconsistent in the medical literature. We assessed the impact of inter\u2010provider variation in bowel bag contouring technique on estimates of radiation dose received by the SB during pelvic radiotherapy.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Methods<\/jats:title><jats:p>Ten radiation oncologists contoured rectum, bladder and bowel bags on treatment planning computed tomography (CT) scans of two patients receiving adjuvant radiation for endometrial cancer. A radiation plan was generated for each patient and used to determine the radiation dose\/volume for each organ. Kappa statistics were applied to assess the inter\u2010provider contouring agreement, and Levene test evaluated the homogeneity of variance for radiation dose\/volume metrics, including the V<jats:sub>45Gy<\/jats:sub> (cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>).<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Results<\/jats:title><jats:p>The bowel bag showed greater variation in radiation dose\/volume estimates compared to the bladder and rectum. The V<jats:sub>45Gy<\/jats:sub> ranged from 163 to 384\u2009cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> for data set A and 109 to 409\u2009cm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> for dataset B. Kappa values were 0.82\/0.83, 0.92\/0.92 and 0.94\/0.86 for the bowel bag, rectum, and bladder on data sets A\/B, demonstrating lower inter\u2010provider agreement for bowel bag compared with bladder and rectum.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec><jats:sec><jats:title>Conclusion<\/jats:title><jats:p>Inter\u2010provider contouring variability is more significant for the bowel bag than the rectum and bladder, with an associated greater variability in dose and volume estimates during radiation planning.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.703","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,7,3]],"date-time":"2023-07-03T04:39:06Z","timestamp":1688359146000},"page":"417-423","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":1,"title":["Impact of bowel space contouring variability on radiation dose and volume assessments in treatment planning for gynaecologic cancers"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"70","author":[{"given":"Fatjona","family":"Kraja","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Oncology University Hospital Centre Mother Teresa  Tirana Albania"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kevin","family":"Kauweloa","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology Queen's Medical Centre  Honolulu Hawaii USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Rohit G.","family":"Ganju","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Wellstar Medical Group  Alpharetta Georgia USA"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8882-8993","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Andrew C.","family":"Hoover","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Oncology University of Kansas Cancer Centre, Kansas University Medical Centre  Kansas City Kansas 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