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Currently, AI technology is advancing at an exponential rate, as are its applications in radiation oncology. This commentary highlights the way AI has begun to impact radiation therapy treatment planning and looks ahead to potential future developments in this space. Historically, radiation therapist's (RT's) role has evolved alongside the adoption of new technology. In Australia, RTs have key clinical roles in both planning and treatment delivery and have been integral in the implementation of automated solutions for both areas. They will need to continue to be informed, to adapt and to transform with AI technologies implemented into clinical practice in radiation oncology departments. RTs will play an important role in how AI\u2010based automation is implemented into practice in Australia, ensuring its application can truly enable personalised and higher\u2010quality treatment for patients. To inform and optimise utilisation of AI, research should not only focus on clinical outcomes but also AI's impact on professional roles, responsibilities and service delivery. Increased efficiencies in the radiation therapy workflow and workforce need to maintain safe improvements in practice and should not come at the cost of creativity, innovation, oversight and safety.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmrs.729","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,5]],"date-time":"2023-10-05T19:27:12Z","timestamp":1696534032000},"page":"290-298","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Automation and artificial intelligence in radiation therapy treatment planning"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"71","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8310-6393","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Scott","family":"Jones","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Princess Alexandra Hospital Raymond Terrace  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kenton","family":"Thompson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Therapy Services Peter MacCullum Cancer Care Centre  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian","family":"Porter","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Sydney Cancer Centre Royal North Shore Hospital  Sydney New South Wales Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8041-8017","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Meegan","family":"Shepherd","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Northern Sydney Cancer Centre Royal North Shore Hospital  Sydney New South Wales Australia"},{"name":"Monash University  Clayton Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8094-0817","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Daniel","family":"Sapkaroski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Radiation Therapy Services Peter MacCullum Cancer Care Centre  Melbourne Victoria Australia"},{"name":"RMIT University  Melbourne Victoria Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandra","family":"Grimshaw","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"W.P Holman Clinic Royal Hobart Hospital  Hobart Tasmania Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4298-2228","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Catriona","family":"Hargrave","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Radiation Oncology Princess Alexandra Hospital Raymond Terrace  Brisbane Queensland Australia"},{"name":"Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Clinical Sciences  Brisbane Queensland Australia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,4]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_13_2_1","unstructured":"The Royal Australian and New Zealand College of Radiologists.Artificial Intelligence in Radiology and Radiation Oncology. 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