{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,19]],"date-time":"2025-10-19T15:42:42Z","timestamp":1760888562809,"version":"build-2065373602"},"reference-count":16,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,21]],"date-time":"2011-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1311206400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["J. Mass Spectrom."],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]},"abstract":"Abstract<\/jats:title>The pigment in brown paint samples taken from a church in the Dr\u00f4me region of France has been shown to be almost pure 6\u2010bromoindigo and 6,6\u2032\u2010dibromoindigo. The composition of the pigment was established by comparison with 6\u2010bromoindigo and 6,6\u2032\u2010dibromoindigo standards using atmospheric pressure photoionization combined with liquid chromatography and tandem mass spectrometry. The brown paint samples were taken from a frieze of ca<\/jats:italic> 20 brown images having symmetric tree\u2010like forms composed of five overlapping filled circles representing foliage. The tree\u2010like images, simple rather than artistic, had a metallic luster. The molar ratio of 6\u2010bromoindigo and 6,6\u2032\u2010dibromoindigo in the brown paint pigment (98:2) is remarkably similar to that of shellfish purple from the Mediterranean Murex brandaris<\/jats:italic> (96.5:3.5) thus, it is possible that the origin of the indigoid compounds in the brown paint pigment is the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea. As the production of Tyrian purple ended with the fall of Byzantium in 1453, purple pigment had to have been produced prior to this time. We have conjectured about the circumstances that may account for the use of \u2018purple\u2019 in this manner in the Dr\u00f4me region and how the pigment was transported there from the eastern coast of the Mediterranean Sea during the time of the Crusades. Copyright \u00a9 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.1950","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,25]],"date-time":"2011-07-25T03:37:15Z","timestamp":1311565035000},"page":"816-820","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":10,"title":["An investigation of paint from a mural in the church of Sainte Madeleine, Manas, France"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"46","author":[{"given":"Raymond E.","family":"March","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Malvina","family":"Papanastasiou","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Adam W.","family":"McMahon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Norman S.","family":"Allen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ac0001636"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_2","unstructured":"M.Papanastasiou A. W.McMahon.The use of APPI\u2010MS for the analysis of indigoid compounds in natural dyes Proc. 53rd ASMS Conference on Mass Spectrometry and Allied Topics San Antonio Texas 2005."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-4408.1992.tb01433.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-4408.1991.tb01354.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1478-4408.1990.tb01225.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0048-9697(94)90492-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jpba.2006.06.029"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0031-9422(01)00335-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1080\/10826070600674935"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_6_11_2","first-page":"36","article-title":"Identification of indigoid natural dyestuffs used in art objects by HPLC coupled to APCI\u2010MS","volume":"38","author":"Karapanayiotis. I.","year":"2006","journal-title":"Am. Lab."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0021-9673(03)01170-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.728"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.1018"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.tet.2006.08.095"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_2","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/rcm.2486"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_2","unstructured":"Bibliography of Tyrian purple. Published originally inDyes in History and Archaeology1994 12 57.www.chriscooksey.demon.co.uk\/dha\/meetings.html. Last modified 10\/11\/2010. Accessed 05\/08\/2011."}],"container-title":["Journal of Mass Spectrometry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjms.1950","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jms.1950","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,16]],"date-time":"2025-10-16T14:18:38Z","timestamp":1760624318000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jms.1950"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,21]]},"references-count":16,"journal-issue":{"issue":"8","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2011,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jms.1950"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jms.1950","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-5174","1096-9888"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"1076-5174"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1096-9888"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2011,7,21]]}}}