{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T06:46:20Z","timestamp":1791873980316,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"},{"start":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]],"date-time":"2026-10-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1791763200000},"content-version":"tdm","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/doi.wiley.com\/10.1002\/tdm_license_1.1"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004055","name":"King Fahd University of Petroleum and Minerals","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ISP24102"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISP24102"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004055","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["J Mass Spectrom"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]},"abstract":"ABSTRACT<\/jats:title>\n \n The coordination preferences of divalent metal cations toward neutral and anionic ligands were examined by positive\u2010ion electrospray ionization (ESI) mass spectrometry, using aqueous MCl2 solutions (M\u2009=\u2009Mg, Ca, Cu, Zn) subjected to sequential ligand (L) perturbation with acetone, acetonitrile,\n N,N<\/jats:italic>\n \u2010dimethylformamide (DMF), and acetic acid. Under identical ESI conditions, Mg\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n , Ca\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n , and Cu\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n converge toward similar ion populations dominated by charge\u2010compensated chloride\/acetate and DMF\u2010containing adducts, indicating substantial ligand exchange during droplet desolvation and ion transfer. Zn\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n behaves differently: It retains acetone\u2010 and acetonitrile\u2010containing complexes and forms a broader set of mixed\u2010ligand and polynuclear species. Quantum\u2010chemical calculations show that acetate and DMF are the strongest ligands in the simplified M\u2013Cl\u2013L\n +<\/jats:sup>\n model, but they also demonstrate that the experimental Zn\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n selectivity cannot be reduced to maximum binding energy alone. Instead, Zn\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n appears to occupy a favorable regime where a combination of intermediate hardness, closed\u2010shell d\n 10<\/jats:sup>\n electronic structure is the proposed root cause of sufficient yet not irreversible ligand binding to allow coordination motifs to survive the ESI process. As much as these are proposed root\u2010causes. The results identify Zn\n 2+<\/jats:sup>\n as an exceptional divalent cation for retaining ligand memory under ESI and define limits on the use of ESI\u2010MS as a direct probe of solution\u2010phase metal\u2013ligand preferences.\n <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jms.70123","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:56:13Z","timestamp":1791870973000},"update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":0,"title":["Ligand Preferences of Divalent Main\u2010Group and Transition Metal Ions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"61","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-1710-9072","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Theis I.","family":"Solling","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Petroleum Engineering & Geosciences, CIPR King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-2901-5815","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"El Zohry","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"College of Petroleum Engineering & Geosciences, CIPR King Fahd University of Petroleum & Minerals Dhahran Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00905a001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.10008"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.20247"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096\u20109888(200007)"},{"issue":"8","key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"939","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9888(200008)35:8<939::AID-JMS36>3.0.CO;2-V","article-title":"Electrochemical Processes in Electrospray Ionization Mass Spectrometry\u2014Discussion","volume":"35","author":"Mora J. F.","year":"2000","journal-title":"Journal of Mass Spectrometry"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/mas.10009"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.1670391"},{"issue":"3","key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","first-page":"383","article-title":"Molecular Beams of Macroions. II","volume":"14","author":"Dole M.","year":"1969","journal-title":"Bulletin of the American Physical Society"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1063\/1.432536"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.0c03325"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/anie.201411188"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1103\/PhysRevLett.115.236102"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5251.929"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja953943i"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s10953\u2010025\u201001559\u20109"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/ja00364a005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.geoen.2023.211930"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1021\/acs.langmuir.5c01055"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.petrol.2020.106953"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/srep28854"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41893\u2010025\u201001761\u2010z"}],"container-title":["Journal of Mass Spectrometry"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jms.70123","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jms.70123","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jms.70123","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,13]],"date-time":"2026-10-13T05:56:14Z","timestamp":1791870974000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/analyticalsciencejournals.onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jms.70123"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"references-count":21,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2026,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jms.70123"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jms.70123","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["1076-5174","1096-9888"],"issn-type":[{"value":"1076-5174","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9888","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,12]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2026-05-19","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-03","order":2,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2026-10-12","order":3,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}],"article-number":"e70123"}}