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A total of 1,278 children under 5 years of age, hospitalized in primary care centers from Buenos Aires, C\u00f3rdoba, Santa F\u00e9 and Mar del Plata cities during a 2\u2010year period were studied (1993\u20131994). Nasopharyngeal aspirates were investigated for respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), adenovirus, parainfluenza, and influenza A and B viruses by indirect immunofluorescence. Out of the patients studied, 946 (74%) were under 1 year of age. Viruses were detected in 399 patients (32%). RSV was observed in 25.3% of the samples, representing 78.2% of all viral positive cases. Adenoviruses were detected in 2.5% of the cases, parainfluenza in 2.2%, influenza A in 2.1%, and influenza B in 0.2%. Compared with other viruses, the higher RSV frequency was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.000). Most RSV cases were detected between May and September with a significant peak in July (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.000). Pneumonia was observed in 46% of the patients, bronchiolitis in 41% and other entities in 13%. The case fatality rate observed during the 2 year study was 0.73%. Most of the above respiratory viruses were detected in the four cities, however, the frequency of RSV and influenza were different in the southern city. J. Med. Virol. 64:167\u2013174, 2001. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1032","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T22:08:54Z","timestamp":1030313334000},"page":"167-174","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":47,"title":["Multicentered study of viral acute lower respiratory infections in children from four cities of Argentina, 1993\u20131994*"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Guadalupe","family":"Carballal","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cristina M.","family":"Videla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M. 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