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Five of the anti\u2010HBe\u2010positive persons were found to be HBV DNA carriers, too. The mean age of the HBV DNA carriers was found to be lower than that of Hbe carriers; therefore, it is suggested that seroconversion to HBe occurs before the resolution of HBV DNA carrier state. Superinfection with hepatitis A virus was not found to influence the elimination of HBV\u2010carrier state, as there was no correlation found between the hepatitis A exposure and the hepatitis B virus markers in the families. The low HBV prevalence in the population (0.3%) was in contrast to the high prevalence of the families of the HBV\u2010carrier mothers (27.1%) and family members with HBV markers (50.4%). Significant positive correlation was found in the proportion of HBV\u2010positive children, and the HBV history of their parents. When fathers were shown to be seronegative, the probability of HBV transmission was reduced by a factor of 6 (12.5% instead of 75%) probably due to reduced viral load and possibly by other factors. Several results indicate, that the noncytocidal hepatitis B virus clearing mechanism suggested by Guidotti et al. [1996, 1999] was effective also in the HBV\u2010carrier human population. J. Med. Virol. 70: 194\u2013204, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.10378","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,10]],"date-time":"2003-04-10T10:01:57Z","timestamp":1049968917000},"page":"194-204","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Perinatal and intrafamily transmission of hepatitis B virus in three generations of a low\u2010prevalence 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