{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,19]],"date-time":"2026-09-19T03:07:30Z","timestamp":1789787250572,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":22,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,9]],"date-time":"2003-04-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1049846400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2003,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Monitoring of active human herpesvirus 6 (HHV\u20106) infection is important for distinguishing between reactivation and latency of the virus. The reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) may be a useful tool in order to distinguish active and latent HHV\u20106 infection. An RT\u2010PCR assay detecting 4 different HHV\u20106 gene transcripts was established. Samples of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) were collected from patients with exanthem subitum and used to evaluate the reliability of the assay. After confirming the reliability of the assay, RT\u2010PCR was used to determine whether HHV\u20106 reactivation occurs in children with hypercytokinemia. Three gene transcripts (U31, U39, and U94) were detected in 90\u2013100% of the PBMC samples collected from febrile period of exanthem subitum patients, from which HHV\u20106 was isolated. The two gene transcripts encoding the late proteins U31 and U39, however, were not detected in samples collected during the convalescent period that contained no infectious virus. The putative latency associated gene transcript, U94, was detected in 2 (10%) of the 20 convalescent samples, and another immediate early gene transcript, U90, was also detected in 3 (15%) of the 20 convalescent samples. The frequency of HHV\u20106 reactivation in patients with hypercytokinemia, suggesting monocyte\/macrophage activation, was studied. Only 9 of 17 patients diagnosed with Kawasaki disease and 1 patient diagnosed with juvenile rheumatoid arthritis were positive for HHV\u20106 DNA in their PBMCs samples. Neither the U31 gene nor the U94 gene transcript was detected in any of the 10 samples. An RT\u2010PCR assay screening for both immediate early and late genes may be useful for monitoring active HHV\u20106 infection. No HHV\u20106 reactivation was found in patients with hypercytokinemia using the RT\u2010PCR assay. J. Med. Virol. 70: 267\u2013272, 2003. \u00a9 2003 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.10388","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2003,4,10]],"date-time":"2003-04-10T10:01:57Z","timestamp":1049968917000},"page":"267-272","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":40,"title":["Evaluation of active human herpesvirus 6 infection by reverse 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