{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,3]],"date-time":"2026-04-03T22:42:51Z","timestamp":1775256171953,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,31]],"date-time":"2001-05-31T00:00:00Z","timestamp":991267200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2001,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The probability of HIV infection by sexual contact, although it varies greatly, appears to be lower than that of infection by other routes of exposure. The aim of this study was to evaluate immunological determinants involved in protection against HIV infection in subjects with multiple and repeated sexual exposures to the virus. Twenty\u2010two subjects were studied for CD8+ cell anti\u2010HIV suppression activity and serum neutralizing activity against the HIV strain of their own partners, \u03b2\u2010chemokine production, and natural killer cell activity. CD8+ cell anti\u2010HIV activity and neutralizing activity of sera were found in 13 (76%) and 12 (70.5%) out of 17 HIV\u20101 negative subjects, respectively. Six individuals had a relevant immune response against HIV: three subjects with a high CD8+ cell antiviral suppression activity and three individuals with sera neutralizing activity titer &gt;1:10. These last three subjects had the highest \u03b2\u2010chemokine levels, a very prolonged period of multiple sexual intercourse (&gt;6 years) and a seropositive partner with a high viral load. A partial reduction of neutralizing activity titer was observed when pre\u2010incubating the sera with anti\u2010\u03b2\u2010chemokine neutralizing antibodies. A spontaneous natural killer cell activity was suppressed in the majority of HIV\u20101 negative subjects with sexual exposure in comparison with normal individuals. The protection from sexual HIV transmission appears to be the result of a network of different humoral and cellular factors. J. Med. Virol. 64:232\u2013237, 2001. \u00a9 2001 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1041","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T21:43:33Z","timestamp":1030311813000},"page":"232-237","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Human immunodeficiency virus\u20101 specific and natural cellular immunity in HIV seronegative subjects with multiple sexual exposures to virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"64","author":[{"given":"Emanuele","family":"Nicastri","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lucia","family":"Ercoli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Loredana","family":"Sarmati","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gabriella","family":"d'Ettorre","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Iudicone","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Paola","family":"Massetti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Vincenzo","family":"Vullo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Andreoni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,5,31]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314621"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.93.23.13125"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/165.6.1012"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.1994.03510250058035"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.270.5243.1811"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/170.5.1296"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1086\/314632"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","unstructured":"Joint United Nations Programme on HIV\/AIDS situation in mid 1996.1996.Global and regional highlights. 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