{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T00:09:02Z","timestamp":1699920542993},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,6]],"date-time":"2005-12-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133827200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":9471,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1980,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of both e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> and e<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antigens in 1,158 sera of asymptomatic HBsAg carriers, carriers in hemodialysis units, and HBsAg\u2010negative blood donors was examined. The detection rate of e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antigen was as high as 80% in asymptomatic carriers, 95% in hemodialysis patients, and even 13,1% in HBsAg\u2010negative donors. All of the e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antigen\u2010positive specimens in such HBsAg\u2010negative sera were found to have both or either anti\u2010HBs and anti\u2010HBc, suggesting the past history of Hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection of the donors. In the HBsAg\u2010positive serum, the detection rate of e<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antigen (17%) was lower than that of e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> (80%), and all sera having e<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antigen were positive for e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antigen. The titers of HBsAg, HBcAg, and anti\u2010HBc in e<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antigen\u2010positive sera were higher than that of sera detecting only e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antigen.<\/jats:p><jats:p>The appearance of e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antigen and e<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antigen in the course of post\u2010transfusion hepatitis B was studied with five cases. Retrospective study showed that three of them each received one unit of HBsAg\u2010positive blood, and the other two received HBsAg\u2010negative blood but with high\u2010titered anti\u2010HBc. In four cases out of five, in which e<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antigen was detected during the course of infection, the initial detection of e<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antigen occurred at or just before the elevation of liver enzyme levels. On the other hand, e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antigen was detected relatively early after transfusion, and the time of its initial appearance could not be correlated to the time of onset. Moreover, the detection period of e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antigen persisted longer, even after the disappearance of HBsAg antigenemia.<\/jats:p><jats:p>These two separate studies suggest that not only e<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antigen but also e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antigen are associated with the infection of HBV, but they are distinct from each other; the e<jats:sub>2<\/jats:sub> antigen may have the properties of a signal of the viral activity in the patient as suggested by many others, but e<jats:sub>1<\/jats:sub> antigen does not seem to bear such diagnostic values.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890060109","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T10:03:28Z","timestamp":1172829808000},"page":"61-74","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Prevalence of williams e<sub>1<\/sub> antigen in comparison with e<sub>2<\/sub> antigen in hepatitis b antigen carriers and patients in hemodialysis 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