{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,28]],"date-time":"2026-03-28T05:54:58Z","timestamp":1774677298886,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,11]],"date-time":"2005-12-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134259200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6980,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1986,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In order to shed light on the mode of HTLV\u2010I infection by mother\u2010to\u2010child transmission, we examined sera of school children in a highly endemic town on two separate occasions at a 6\u2010year interval. The carrier rates in ages 15\u201317, 8.7 and 2.1%, were significantly higher than that in ages 6\u20138, 1.7 and 0.4%, in studies. The latter survey showed a significantly lower carrier rate in each age group. Moreover, the carrier rates of those students born in 1965\u20131967 and 1968\u20131970 were stable in the interval. The data suggested that carrier rates of children at certian ages are reflected by the date of birth rather than by age.<\/jats:p><jats:p>A prospective survey of children born of carrier mothers found the overall carrier rate to be approximately 25%, which did not increase with their age. There was no sexual difference in the carrier rate of children: 5\/25 in male and 9\/34 in females (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 0.3). Carrier mothers could be separated into two groups: HTLV\u2010I antigen\u2010positive mothers and negative mothers. Nine out of 19 antigen\u2010positive mothers (47%) and 2 of 19 antigen\u2010negative mothers (11 %) had carrier children (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 6.3). Twelve of 30 children born of antigen\u2010positive carrier mothers (40%) were carriers, in contrast to 2 of 24 children (8%) of antigen\u2010negative mothers (\u03c7<jats:sup>2<\/jats:sup> = 7.8). Furthermore, 12 of 14 carrier children (86%) were of antigen\u2010positive mothers. This suggests that postnatal but early transmission of HTLV\u2010I plays a significant role in the maintenance of HTLV\u2010I endemy and the development of adult T\u2010cell leukemia\/lymphoma.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890200307","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T12:51:30Z","timestamp":1172839890000},"page":"253-260","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":79,"title":["Significance of Postnatal Mother\u2010to\u2010Child Transmission of Human T\u2010lymphotropic Virus Type\u2010I on the Development of Adult T\u2010cell Leukemia\/Lymphoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"20","author":[{"given":"Hidenori","family":"Sugiyama","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hiroshi","family":"Doi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kyoko","family":"Yamaguchi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshiro","family":"Tsuji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tsutomu","family":"Miyamoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shigeo","family":"Hino","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90306-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"595","article-title":"A monoclonal antibody that defines p24, a core protein of adult T\u2010cell leukemia virus, and its precursor","volume":"75","author":"Fujii M","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gann"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)90471-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"1075","article-title":"Transfusion mediated spread of the human T\u2010cell leukemia virus in chronic hemodialysis patients in a heavily endemic area, Nagasaki","volume":"76","author":"Hino S","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gann"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","first-page":"474","article-title":"Mother\u2010to\u2010child transmission of human T\u2010cell leukemia virus type\u2010I","volume":"76","author":"Hino S","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gann"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.78.10.6476"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ijc.2910290606"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"185","article-title":"Familial disposition of adult T cell leukemia and lymphoma","volume":"28","author":"Ichimaru M","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gann Monograph"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","first-page":"845","article-title":"A new agglutination test for serum antibodies to adult T\u2010cell leukemia virus","volume":"75","author":"Ikeda M","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gann"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"787","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a113696","article-title":"An epidemiologic study of hepatitis B virus in Okinawa and Kyushu, Japan","volume":"118","author":"Kashiwagi S","year":"1983","journal-title":"American Journal of Epidemiology"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"167","article-title":"Adult T cell leukemia\u2010lymphoma in the Nagasaki district","volume":"28","author":"Kinoshita K","year":"1982","journal-title":"Gann Monograph"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"103","article-title":"Demonstration of adult T\u2010cell leukemia virus antigen in milk from three seropositive mothers","volume":"75","author":"Kinoshita K","year":"1984","journal-title":"Gann"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"1143","article-title":"Oral infection of a common marmoset with human T\u2010cell leukemia virus type\u2010I (HTLV\u2010I) by inoculating fresh human milk of HTLV\u2010I carrier mothers","volume":"76","author":"Kinoshita K","year":"1985","journal-title":"Gann"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(83)92613-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","first-page":"290","article-title":"Epidemiology of hepatitis B virus in Japan, especially in Nagasaki","volume":"30","author":"Miyamoto T","year":"1986","journal-title":"Acta. 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