{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,6,12]],"date-time":"2024-06-12T23:15:13Z","timestamp":1718234113061},"reference-count":14,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]],"date-time":"2005-12-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1134086400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":6247,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The prevalence of West Nile (WN) virus infection in Karachi, Pakistan, was unknown until 1982. It had been noticed that there were more than a few patients with encephalitides in Karachi, and it was supposed that Japanese encephalitis (JE) cases would be found among them. Therefore, a seroepidemiological study was conducted to define the prevalence of WN virus infection and the possible occurrence of JE virus infection in the Karachi area. Prevalences of haemagglutination inhibition (HI) and neutralization (NT) antibodies against WN virus were studied among 81 serum samples (in July, 33 samples; in September, 48) during 1983, and among 156 paired serum samples that were collected twice, in July and October of 1985. Nearly the same antibody\u2010positive rates were obtained in July of both years (1983: HI 55%; 1985: HI 53%; NT 50%); the rates increased slightly during September\/October (1983: HI 65%; 1985: HI 59%, NT 54%). Among 156 paired samples in 1985, 20 (13%) and 12 (8%) showed positive\u2010 or negative\u2010antibody conversion between July and October. Two serum samples from each of 156 residents obtained in July had a significantly higher NT antibody titre against JE virus than against WN virus (in case 1, JE 1:80, WN &lt; 1: 10; in case 2, JE 1:40, WN &lt; 1:10). This is the first report to show the prevalence of WN virus infection in Karachi, Pakistan.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890260304","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T16:24:54Z","timestamp":1172852694000},"page":"243-247","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":18,"title":["Seroepidemiological study of infection with West Nile virus in Karachi, Pakistan, in 1983 and 1985"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"26","author":[{"given":"Masami","family":"Sugamata","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akhtar","family":"Ahmed","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Teiji","family":"Miura","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Toshiaki","family":"Takasu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Reisaku","family":"Kono","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takayuki","family":"Ogata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Junko","family":"Kimura\u2010Kuroda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kotaro","family":"Yasui","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"249","article-title":"Subacute sclerosing panencephalitis. 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II\u2010Isolation of West Nile virus from human blood and culicine mosquitoes in Rawalpindi area","volume":"5","author":"Burney MI","year":"1966","journal-title":"Pakistan Journal of Medical Research"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","first-page":"113","volume-title":"Methods in Virology","author":"Casals J","year":"1967"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1958.7.561"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0035-9203(82)90130-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","first-page":"16","article-title":"Arboviruses of public health importance in Pakistan","volume":"31","author":"Hayes CG","year":"1981","journal-title":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","first-page":"233","volume-title":"Encephalitides, Mosquitoes and a Virus in Karachi\u2014A Neuro\u2010Viro\u2010Patho\u2010Epidemio\u2010Entomological Survey","author":"Igarashi A","year":"1987"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1348-0421.1985.tb00802.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-67-12-2663"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","first-page":"587","article-title":"A quantitative mosquito survey of 7 villages in Punjab Province, Pakistan, with notes on bionomics sampling methodology and the effects of insecticides","volume":"9","author":"Reisen WK","year":"1978","journal-title":"Southeast Asian Journal of Tropical Medicine and Public Health"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"Seroepidemiological Research on viral encephalitis in Karachi, Pakistan; Preliminary report","volume":"36","author":"Sugamata M","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","first-page":"159","article-title":"Neurovirological research of encephalitides in and around Karachi: The clinical aspects (Interim report)","volume":"36","author":"Takasu T","year":"1986","journal-title":"Journal of the Pakistan Medical Association"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","first-page":"625","article-title":"Japanese encephalitis: Current worldwide status","volume":"63","author":"Umenai T","year":"1985","journal-title":"Bulletin World Health Organization"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmv.1890260304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.1890260304","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,21]],"date-time":"2023-10-21T15:09:48Z","timestamp":1697900988000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.1890260304"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1988,11]]},"references-count":14,"journal-issue":{"issue":"3","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1988,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.1890260304"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.1890260304","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1988,11]]}}}