{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,20]],"date-time":"2025-09-20T20:42:32Z","timestamp":1758400952591},"reference-count":13,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]],"date-time":"2005-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4511,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>A prevalence of hepatitis C virus (HCV) antibodies of 12% was found in 276 patients from 11 dialysis units. Between zero and 22% of the patients in the different units were anti\u2010HCV positive. The epidemiology of HCV was studied in two units during a 2 year period by antibody assays and the polymerase chain reaction and correlated with clinical manifestations. Two types of epidemiologic patterns were found that may explain the wide difference of HCV prevalence described in different dialysis units. In one unit there was no evidence of spread within the unit, and the prevalence of HCV was dependent on the status of the patients entering for treatment. In the other unit, a clustering of infected patients could be seen in which 13 of 36 were infected during a 3 year period. Some patients who had not received blood transfusions were among the infected. Hepatitis C infection was the most common explanation for repeated abnormal transferase levels. Most of the HCV\u2010infected patients reacted both for anti\u2010HCV and HCV RNA. HCV RNA was in general detected earlier than anti\u2010HCV seroconversion. Among 20 HCV RNApositive serum samples that were anti\u2010HCV ELISA\u2010positive 18 had indeterminate and two negative reactions by immunoblot (RIBA 2). Thus the RIBA 2 test should be used with caution as a confirmatory antibody test in this group of patients. \u00a9 1993 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890400403","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,2]],"date-time":"2007-03-02T22:38:43Z","timestamp":1172875123000},"page":"266-270","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Hepatitis C virus infection in hemodialysis patients in southern Sweden: Epidemiological, clinical, and diagnostic aspects"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"40","author":[{"given":"E.","family":"Nordenfelt","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.","family":"L\u00f6fgren","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Widell","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"B.\u2010G.","family":"Hansson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Y. Y.","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"K.\u2010E.","family":"Hagstam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"J.","family":"Kurkus","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)92774-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0003-2697(87)90021-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2523562"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(89)90485-6"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)91766-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/oxfordjournals.aje.a116137"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/ki.1990.203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1159\/000166813"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.2496467"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"NordenfeltE(1971):Australien\u2010antigen och hepatit. Thesis University of Lund."},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"692","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1699-0463.1970.tb04359.x","article-title":"A hepatitis epidemic in a dialysis unit. Ocurrence and persistence of Australia antigen among patients and staff","volume":"78","author":"Nordenfelt E","year":"1970","journal-title":"Acta Pathologica Microbiologica Scandinavia Section B"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90134-Q"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890350409"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmv.1890400403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.1890400403","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2024,2,11]],"date-time":"2024-02-11T10:39:21Z","timestamp":1707647961000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.1890400403"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]},"references-count":13,"journal-issue":{"issue":"4","published-print":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.1890400403"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.1890400403","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[1993,8]]}}}