{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2024,5,16]],"date-time":"2024-05-16T06:25:33Z","timestamp":1715840733380},"reference-count":28,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"4","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]],"date-time":"2005-12-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1133913600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":4024,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[1994,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>One hundred twenty\u2010two hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg) carrier infants were followed\u2010up for 8\u201310 years. One hundred eleven had antibody to hepatitis B core antigen (anti\u2010HBc; 83 had been vaccinated) and the remaining 11 were without anti\u2010HBc (7 had been vaccinated). During the follow\u2010up period, 29 (26.1%) carrier infants with anti\u2010HBc had one or more episodes of ala\u2010nine aminotransferase (ALT) elevation and up to 32.8% (21\/64) of the carriers in this group lost their hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg) before the age of 10. In addition, 2 (1.8%) carriers lost their HBsAg at the age of 3 and 8, respectively. No significant symptom or sign was noted during HBeAg seroconversion. In contrast, all the carrier infants without anti\u2010HBc were still positive for both HBeAg and hepatitis B virus (HBV) DMA and none displayed abnormal ALT levels or any symptom related to liver disease. One became anti\u2010HBc positive at the age of 9, and 5 other carriers had inconsistent borderline or weakly positive titers of anti\u2010HBc. The episodes of ALT elevation and the prevalence of HBeAg seroconversion were not significantly different between immunized carrier infants. In conclusion, HBeAg seroconversion may occur in about one third of the anti\u2010HBc\u2010positive carrier infants during the first decade. On the other hand, the anti\u2010HBc\u2010negative HBsAg carrier infants' immune incompetence to the HBV antigens could persist for more than 10 years. Hepatitis B immunization did not have significant effect on the clinical course in carriers. \u00a9 1994 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890440405","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2007,3,3]],"date-time":"2007-03-03T00:27:44Z","timestamp":1172881664000},"page":"336-339","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":12,"title":["Long\u2010term follow\u2010up of hepatitis B virus carrier infants"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"44","author":[{"given":"Cho\u2010Yu","family":"Chan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shou\u2010Dong","family":"Lee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"May\u2010Ing","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yuan\u2010Jen","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yang\u2010Te","family":"Tsai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Kwang\u2010Juei","family":"Lo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2005,12,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(81)90832-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(83)80464-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0022-3476(89)80836-4"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.1890160402"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840050315"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","first-page":"399","article-title":"Prevention of hepatitis B virus infection in children born to HBsAg positive\/HBeAg positive mothers. 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