{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,27]],"date-time":"2025-10-27T15:49:37Z","timestamp":1761580177760},"reference-count":32,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"3","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,9]],"date-time":"2004-01-09T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1073606400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,3]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Eight genotypes (A\u2013H) of hepatitis B virus (HBV) have been described, HBV genotypes F and H being autochthonous to America. HBV genotype F has been classified in four clusters. The objective of this study was to gain insight into the molecular epidemiology of HBV American genotypes, as well as to analyze the genotype\u2010related polymorphism in some functional domains of the surface proteins. The sequences of the S region of 106 isolates genotype F and H were analyzed, out of which 47 isolates genotype F circulated in different Venezuelan populations. Most of the Venezuelan isolates genotype F were grouped in cluster III (n\u2009=\u200939) and 7 in cluster II. One isolate obtained from a blood donor could not be classified in any clade and harbored amino acid substitutions characteristic of a vaccine escape mutant (G145R) and a stop codon in the surface antigen. Amino acid analysis of the PreS and S gene products showed unique genetic characteristics in genotype F and H sequences in some important domains involved in the early steps of infection. Out of 30 available sequences, two complete genome sequences of HBV genotype F from Venezuela were obtained. Phylogenetic analysis of these complete genomes confirmed the presence of four clusters inside genotype F, differing in more than 4% nucleotide divergence. Our extended analysis showed that genotype F clades Ia, III, and IV exhibit a restricted geographic distribution (Central America, the North and the South of South America, respectively) while clades Ib and II are found in all the Americas except in the Northern South America and North America respectively. J. Med. Virol. 72:377\u2013384, 2004. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20015","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,23]],"date-time":"2004-01-23T12:02:29Z","timestamp":1074859349000},"page":"377-384","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Clade analysis and surface antigen polymorphism of hepatitis B virus American genotypes"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"72","author":[{"given":"Marisol","family":"Devesa","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Carmen","family":"Rodr\u00edguez","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Graciela","family":"Le\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ferdinando","family":"Liprandi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Flor Helene","family":"Pujol","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2004,1,9]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199704)51:4<305::AID-JMV8>3.0.CO;2-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-83-8-2059"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"648","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.36.3.648-651.1998","article-title":"Antigenic diversity of hepatitis B virus strains of genotype F in Amerindians and other population groups from Venezuela","volume":"36","author":"Blitz L","year":"1998","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(93)90146-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1885","DOI":"10.1128\/jcm.34.8.1885-1891.1996","article-title":"Quantitative assay of PCR\u2010amplified hepatitis B virus DNA using a peroxidase\u2010labelled DNA probe and enhanced chemiluminescence","volume":"34","author":"Erhardt A","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00239-001-0084-z"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.242574599"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.97.4.1661"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1440-1746.2002.02737.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","unstructured":"LayrisseM WilbertJ.1999.The Diego Blood Group system and the Mongoloid Realm. 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