{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,9,29]],"date-time":"2025-09-29T15:19:31Z","timestamp":1759159171901},"reference-count":34,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,26]],"date-time":"2004-04-26T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1082937600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2004,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>This article describes the methods used to investigate 407 outbreaks of acute non\u2010bacterial gastroenteritis occurring in the North\u2010West of England between January 2000 and July 2001 and suspected to be caused by noroviruses (NV) [Mayo (2002) Arch Virol 147:1655\u20131663]. These included 319 outbreaks in hospitals and nursing homes and 88 other settings. Eight hundred and seventy\u2010one faecal samples from 407 outbreaks were tested using electron microscopy (EM), an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) specific for Grimsby virus (GRV) capsid antigen and\/or by reverse transcriptase\u2010polymerase chain reaction (RT\u2010PCR) for NV, allowing the utility of each assay for routine diagnosis to be assessed. Preliminary genomic characterisation of detected strains was performed using the heteroduplex mobility assay (HMA) and DNA sequencing. The results demonstrate the continuing predominance of GII\u20104 GRV strain of NV as a cause of outbreaks, particularly in hospital and nursing home settings. Overall, NV were detected in 223\/407 (55%) of outbreaks tested. However, a wide range of apparently diverse strains was identified, including several not previously reported. Genomic characterisation revealed clusters of linked outbreaks not recognised previously. J. Med. Virol. 73:280\u2013288, 2004. \u00a9 2004 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20088","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2004,4,26]],"date-time":"2004-04-26T21:01:33Z","timestamp":1083013293000},"page":"280-288","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":21,"title":["Methods for the detection and characterisation of noroviruses associated with outbreaks of gastroenteritis: Outbreaks occurring in the north\u2010west of England during two norovirus seasons"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"73","author":[{"given":"Chris I.","family":"Gallimore","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Jonathan","family":"Green","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alison 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