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A total of 85 CSF samples were collected from 38 MS patients, 28 patients with other neurological diseases and 19 subjects without neurological diseases. Using nested\u2010PCR, the investigation focused on the presence of human herpes virus DNA, including herpes simplex virus 1 (HSV\u20101) and 2 (HSV\u20102), the Epstein\u2010Barr virus (EBV), varicella zoster virus (VZV), human cytomegalovirus (HCMV), human herpes virus 6 (HHV\u20106) and JC virus (JCV). All the CSF samples from the individuals without neurological diseases were negative for viral DNA. Genomic sequences of HSV\u20101, HCMV, EBV, HHV6, and JCV were found in patients with MS and other neurological diseases without significant differences between the two groups. VZV DNA was detected more frequently (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05) in the MS group (31.6%), particularly among the relapsing\u2010remitting MS patients (43.5%), compared with patients with other neurological diseases (10.7%). 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