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Overall, 1,287 participants were recruited, 460 males (36%) and 827 females (64%). Health care workers accounted for 253 individuals (20%), 301 were blood donor candidates (23%), 334 were pregnant women (26%), and 399 (31%) were subjects who had been examined in two clinics for routine laboratory testing. The prevalence of total anti\u2010HAV was 88.6% (95% CI: 86.69\u201390.25). Prevalence of anti\u2010HAV among children up to 10 years was 40.5% (95% CI: 29.6\u201353.15), reaching 70% (95% CI: 62.25\u201377.10) in the 11\u201320 age group. Age, living in rural areas and unemployment were factors associated with higher risk of HAV infection. HBsAg was detected in 2.4% (95% CI: 1.57\u20133.38%) of the study sample, with a significant age trend (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2010value:0.0110). Positivity for total anti\u2010HBc was detected in 18.4% (95% CI\u2009= 16.27\u201320.59) of the subjects. Ninety\u2010three subjects (7.2%) were positive for anti\u2010HBs alone. An association between age, HSV\u20102 positivity, working nurses and HBV infection has been observed. One patient was HDV positive. The prevalence for HCV was 0.5% (95% CI: 0.22\u20131.12%). HAV infection seems to be high\u2010intermediate, while HBV shows an intermediate endemicity. It is necessary to highlight the importance of an immunization strategy against HAV and HBV in reducing the incidence of the infection. The prevalence for HCV was very low. J. Med. Virol. 80:833\u2013840, 2008. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21141","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,21]],"date-time":"2008-03-21T23:17:41Z","timestamp":1206141461000},"page":"833-840","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["Prevalence and risk factors for viral hepatitis in the Kosovarian population: implications for health policy"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"80","author":[{"given":"Gianluca","family":"Quaglio","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Naser","family":"Ramadani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Cristian","family":"Pattaro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Arben","family":"Cami","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Pietro","family":"Dentico","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anna","family":"Volpe","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giampiero","family":"Pellizzer","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Berisha","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Camillo","family":"Smacchia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Mario","family":"Figliomeni","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nicola","family":"Schinaia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Rezza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Putoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2008,3,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","first-page":"377","article-title":"Update: Universal precautions for prevention of transmission of human immunodeficiency virus, hepatitis B virus, and other bloodborne pathogens in health\u2010care settings","volume":"37","author":"Anonymous","year":"1988","journal-title":"Morb Mortal Wkly Rep"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2001.00279.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","first-page":"15","volume-title":"Strengthened quality of reproductive health services through improved provider's competence. 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