{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,20]],"date-time":"2026-09-20T21:38:13Z","timestamp":1789940293377,"version":"4.0.1"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,13]],"date-time":"2001-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1008201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004586","name":"FAPERJ","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004586","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"Instituto Oswaldo Cruz"},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"CNPq","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>HTLV II is a retrovirus endemic in some Amerindian tribes and spread worldwide with a high prevalence among intravenous drug abusers. It has three different genetic subtypes a, b, and d, defined mainly by the long terminal repeat (LTR) region. HTLV II has been associated with a neurodegenerative disease in few cases. We describe the first well\u2010documented case in Brazil where the virus is endemic in isolated ethnic groups. The patient is a 55\u2010year\u2010old woman with a chronic and painful syndrome characterized by spastic paraparesis, hyperactive reflexes and spastic bladder. Somatosensory evoked potential indicates a thoracic spinal cord lesion. Computer tomography showed periventricular demyelination. Enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay was positive for HTLV I\/II whereas the discriminatory Western blot was indeterminate. Molecular analysis of the Tax region revealed a HTLV II pattern that was also confirmed through sequencing the LTR region. Phylogenetic analysis of the LTR sequence shows an HTLV IIa subtype that clustered with the virus isolated from Kayapo Indians and Brazilian urban intravenous drug users. Indeterminate Western blots are frequently found using commercial kits, therefore we recommend that all cases in which a myelopathy is associated with an indeterminate serological result should be evaluated by PCR to determine the actual number of HTLV II associated myelopathy cases. J. Med. Virol. 66:253\u2013257, 2002. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.2138","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T16:30:43Z","timestamp":1030293043000},"page":"253-257","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":31,"title":["HTLV\u2010II infection associated with a chronic neurodegenerative disease: Clinical and molecular analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Edimilson A.","family":"Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Koko","family":"Otsuki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Claudia B.","family":"Leite","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alexandre H.","family":"Alamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Daniel","family":"S\u00e1\u2010Carvalho","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ana Carolina P.","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1212\/WNL.41.1.85"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1996.0043"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1996.12.1623"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1034\/j.1600-0404.2000.80180.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1992.8.1851"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/088922299310782"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1481","DOI":"10.1128\/jvi.70.3.1481-1492.1996","article-title":"Identification and characterization of a new and distinct molecular subtype of HTLV\u2010II","volume":"70","author":"Eiraku N","year":"1996","journal-title":"J Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1998.14.537"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.92.9.4041"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/359201a0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1993.9.709"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410330416"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(92)90797-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/168.3.737"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/ana.410330411"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6981847"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","unstructured":"KumarS TamuraK NeiM.1993.MEGA: Molecular Evolutionary Genetics Analysis Version 1.0. 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