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The vaccine was found to contain a mixture of viruses that could be distinguished based on the sequence of the hemagglutinin\u2010neuraminidase gene (HN). Viruses containing lysine at HN amino acid position 335 were isolated from cases of post\u2010vaccination parotitis or meningitis whereas viruses containing glutamic acid at this position were not associated with post\u2010vaccination disease. Using a rat based model of mumps neurovirulence, we demonstrate that this latter virus is significantly attenuated compared to a virus isolated from a patient with post\u2010vaccination meningitis. Complete sequence analysis of the genomes of the two viruses identified sixteen genetic differences, some or all of which must be responsible for differences in virulence. These same genetic differences also account for changes in tropism in cell culture. J. Med. Virol. 81:130\u2013138, 2009. \u00a9 2008 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21381","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2008,11,21]],"date-time":"2008-11-21T15:55:59Z","timestamp":1227282959000},"page":"130-138","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["Identification of genetic mutations associated with attenuation and changes in tropism of Urabe mumps virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Dion","family":"Shah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Silvia","family":"Vidal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Malen A.","family":"Link","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Steven A.","family":"Rubin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kathryn 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