{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,10,22]],"date-time":"2025-10-22T17:28:50Z","timestamp":1761154130163},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,13]],"date-time":"2001-12-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1008201600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The association of the newly identified viruses, GB virus C (GBV\u2010C) and TT virus (TTV), with autoimmune hepatitis remains to be elucidated. Sera from 20 Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis and 50 volunteer blood donors were assayed for GBV\u2010C RNA, antibodies to the GBV\u2010C second envelope protein (E2), and TTV DNA. GBV\u2010C RNA was examined by reverse\u2010transcription polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Anti\u2010GBV\u2010C E2 (a marker of past infection) was tested by an enzyme\u2010linked immunosorbent assay. TTV DNA was amplified by PCR using two different sets of primers: one derived from the original N22 sequence (Set A) and the other from the untranslated region (Set B). None of the patients or controls had GBV\u2010C RNA. Anti\u2010GBV\u2010C E2 was found significantly more often in patients with autoimmune hepatitis (3\/20) than in controls (1\/50; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.034). The prevalence of TTV DNA detected by primers Set A and that detected with either Set A or B were similar among patients with autoimmune hepatitis (4\/20 and 16\/20, respectively) and controls (9\/50 and 40\/50, respectively). Clinical characteristics did not differ in association with any of these viral markers. Of the 13 TTV isolates amplified with Set A, seven were classified as genotype 1a, four as genotype 1b, and 2 as genotype 3; no particular strain was associated with autoimmune hepatitis. These findings provide no compelling evidence that GBV\u2010C or TTV has a pathogenic role in autoimmune hepatitis. J. Med. Virol. 66:258\u2013262, 2002. \u00a9 2002 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.2139","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2002,8,25]],"date-time":"2002-08-25T16:30:43Z","timestamp":1030293043000},"page":"258-262","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["GB virus C and TT virus infections in Japanese patients with autoimmune hepatitis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"66","author":[{"given":"Shuhei","family":"Nishiguchi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Masaru","family":"Enomoto","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Susumu","family":"Shiomi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Noriko","family":"Obata","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Motoharu","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Katsuhiko","family":"Fukuda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Akihiro","family":"Tamori","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Daiki","family":"Habu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Tadashi","family":"Takeda","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Takashi","family":"Tanaka","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yoshihisa","family":"Yano","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shuzo","family":"Otani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(99)80297-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4065\/73.5.412"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/infdis\/175.2.458"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.510270528"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(96)80306-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0928-4346(96)00349-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80285-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(96)91395-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(90)90070-L"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.271.5248.505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1749-6632.1965.tb19000.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJM199606063342301"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/(SICI)1096-9071(199809)56:1<1::AID-JMV1>3.0.CO;2-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.96.6.3177"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-116-1-21"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/1096-9071(200011)62:3<392::AID-JMV12>3.0.CO;2-V"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/bbrc.1997.7765"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6346(97)00123-X"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1006\/viro.1999.9770"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/nm0695-564"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6346(98)00068-0"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s005350050377"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0168-8278(97)80453-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.1999.01452.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0140-6736(91)92858-Y"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(05)62476-2"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmv.2139","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.2139","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,18]],"date-time":"2023-11-18T11:10:14Z","timestamp":1700305814000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.2139"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,13]]},"references-count":26,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2002,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.2139"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.2139","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2001,12,13]]}}}