{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,19]],"date-time":"2026-08-19T18:34:59Z","timestamp":1787164499163,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]],"date-time":"2009-07-21T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1248134400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Although viral loads are known to influence the development of hepatitis B virus\u2010induced hepatocellular carcinoma in a number of populations, little information is available in the Black African population. Black African patients with hepatocellular carcinoma differ from those in other populations in having a lower frequency of e antigen\u2010positivity and in other respects that might affect viral loads. Hepatitis B viral loads were measured using real\u2010time polymerase chain reaction assay in 124 Black Africans with hepatocellular carcinoma and compared with those in 125 Black adult asymptomatic viral carriers. The geometric mean viral load in the cancer patients was 553,618\u2009copies\/ml (95% CI 301,953\u20131,015,033\u2009copies\/ml), with 62.1% having loads &gt;1\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009copies\/ml and 87.1% &gt;1\u2009\u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009copies\/ml, whereas that in the carriers was 16,084\u2009copies\/ml (95% CI 9,184\u201328,168\u2009copies\/ml), with only 15.2% having values &gt;1\u2009\u00d7 10\n                    <jats:sup>5<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009copies\/ml and 49.6% &gt;1\u2009\u00d7\u200910\n                    <jats:sup>4<\/jats:sup>\n                    \u2009copies\/ml (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001 in each instance). Mean viral load was significantly higher in e antigen\u2010positive than e antigen\u2010negative cancer patients (5,905,357 copies\/ml [1,362,847\u201325,588,520] cf 238,173 copies\/ml [97,200\u2013685,730]:\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u20090.001) after adjusting for age and sex. No statistically significant difference existed between patients in different age groups, in men and women, or in patients infected with genotype A or D after adjusting for the other variables. Conclusion: Black Africans with hepatocellular carcinoma have high hepatitis B viral loads in spite of the relative infrequency of e antigen\u2010positivity. J. Med. Virol. 81:1525\u20131530, 2009. \u00a9 2009 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21574","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]],"date-time":"2009-07-21T17:21:16Z","timestamp":1248196876000},"page":"1525-1530","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":14,"title":["Hepatitis B viral loads in southern African Blacks with hepatocellular carcinoma"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"81","author":[{"given":"Raquel","family":"Viana","sequence":"first","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Renwei","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mimi C.","family":"Yu","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Robert","family":"Welschinger","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chien\u2010Yu","family":"Chen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michael C.","family":"Kew","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/0016-5085(86)90395-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_3_1","first-page":"177","article-title":"High viral load and hepatitis B virus genotype Ce are associated with increased risk of hepatocellular carcinoma","volume":"2","author":"Chan HL","year":"2006","journal-title":"J Clin Oncol"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2006.00647.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840360617"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840060203"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2036.2007.03390.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840030505"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:CACO.0000007984.79987.ec"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/62.3.517"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20311"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-83-4-835"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3748\/wjg.14.3059"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.7326\/0003-4819-135-9-200111060-00006"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00535-003-1341-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.1840040405"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.20365"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.10559"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2006.00780.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0166-0934(99)00154-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_21_1","first-page":"10","article-title":"Long\u2010term tracking of hepatitis B viral load and the relationship with risk for hepatocellular carcinoma in men","volume":"29","author":"Wu CF","year":"2008","journal-title":"Carcinogenesis"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa013215"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/djn243"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jnci\/dji043"},{"key":"e_1_2_1_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/gut.2007.119859"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmv.21574","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.21574","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,11,14]],"date-time":"2023-11-14T18:51:32Z","timestamp":1699987892000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.21574"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]]},"references-count":24,"journal-issue":{"issue":"9","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2009,9]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.21574"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.21574","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2009,7,21]]}}}