{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,21]],"date-time":"2026-02-21T04:27:58Z","timestamp":1771648078243,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":58,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,25]],"date-time":"2010-05-25T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1274745600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2010,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The L1 gene encodes for the major capsid protein of human papillomaviruses (HPV). There is limited information on the polymorphism of L1 for types related to HPV\u201016. This report explores the polymorphism of L1 in phylogenetically related types 31, 33, and 35 compared to HPV\u201016. Genital specimens collected from 732 HIV\u2010seropositive and 323 HIV\u2010seronegative women were screened for HPV DNA with consensus L1 PCR. Cervical samples positive for HPV\u201016 (n\u2009=\u200974), HPV\u201031 (n\u2009=\u200978), HPV\u201033 (n\u2009=\u200937), and HPV\u201035 (n\u2009=\u200958) were further characterized by PCR\u2010sequencing of the complete L1 gene. The number of nucleotide substitutions within L1 ranged from 19 for HPV\u201033 to 52 for HPV\u201031. The ratio of the number of variants\/number of isolates tested was higher for HPV\u201031 (56.4%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.05) and HPV\u201035 (60.3%, <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.04) compared to HPV\u201016 (40.5%), while this ratio was lower for HPV\u201033 (24.3%), although not significantly (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.14). The maximal distance between HPV variants was greater in the five putative surface\u2010exposed loops of L1 than in sequences outside the loops (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Synonymous variations were encountered in 1.7% (95% CI 1.1\u20132.3) of nucleotides inside the L1 loops and 2.4% (95% CI1.2\u20133.7) of nucleotides outside the L1 loops. Non\u2010synonymous variations were encountered in 1.8% (95% CI 1.1\u20132.5) of nucleotides within the L1 loops and 0.2% (95% CI 0\u20130.4) of nucleotides outside the loops. dN\/dS ratios were below 1.0 in extra\u2010loop and intra\u2010loop regions, but they were lower in extra\u2010loop regions. These results suggest that sequences within and outside the hypervariable loops of L1 were under selective constraint. J. Med. Virol. 82: 1168\u20131178, 2010. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21777","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,5,26]],"date-time":"2010-05-26T14:50:16Z","timestamp":1274885416000},"page":"1168-1178","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":20,"title":["Polymorphism of the capsid L1 gene of human papillomavirus types 31, 33, and 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