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We used HCV transgenic (Tg) mice, which express core, E1, E2, and NS2 proteins regulated by the Cre\/<jats:italic>loxP<\/jats:italic> switching expression system, to examine the innate immune response to HCV structural proteins. Twelve hours after HCV transgene expression, HCV core protein levels in Tg mouse livers were 15\u201347\u2009pg\/mg. In contrast, in Tg mice with a depletion of natural killer (NK) cells, we observed much higher levels of HCV core proteins (1,597\u2009pg\/ml). Cre\u2010mediated genomic DNA recombination efficiency in the HCV\u2010Tg mice was strongly observed in NK cell\u2010depleted mice between 0.5 and 1 day as compared to non\u2010treated mice. These data indicated that NK cells participate in the elimination of core\u2010expressing hepatocytes in the innate immune responses during the acute phase of HCV infection. J. Med. Virol. 82:1545\u20131553, 2010. \u00a9 2010 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.21859","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2010,7,15]],"date-time":"2010-07-15T15:48:43Z","timestamp":1279208923000},"page":"1545-1553","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":7,"title":["Natural killer cells target HCV core proteins during the innate immune response in HCV transgenic 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