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Molecular methods of detection, in particular, PCR, are being used routinely and have established a place in the arsenal of tools for diagnosis of CNS infections. In this study a viral etiological agent was detected by PCR in 340 of the total 2,357 specimens from patients who exhibited symptoms of encephalitis or meningitis. The detection rate increased from 8.9% during the first year of the study to 14.8% during the second year of the study with improved methodology and an expanded panel of viral agents. Methods were enhanced by developing real\u2010time PCR assays (some multiplexed), using increased automation, superior nucleic acid extraction, and reverse transcription (RT) methods, and incorporation of an internal extraction control. Additionally, adenovirus and human herpes virus 6 (HHV\u20106) were added to the original panel of 10 viruses that included enteroviruses, herpesviruses, and arboviruses. The most common viruses detected were enteroviruses (129; 5.5%), Epstein\u2010Barr virus (EBV) (85; 3.6%), herpes simplex viruses (HSVs) 1 and 2 (67; 2.8%), and varicella zoster virus (VZV) (44; 1.9%). J. Med. Virol. 83:2172\u20132181, 2011. \u00a9 2011 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.22169","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,10,19]],"date-time":"2011-10-19T19:16:32Z","timestamp":1319051792000},"page":"2172-2181","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":65,"title":["Molecular detection of viral causes of encephalitis and meningitis in New York 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