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The present study sought to assess the prevalences of past, recent, on\u2010going, and chronic HEV infections in patients infected with human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) in Marseille, South\u2010eastern France, and to determine if they were correlated with the patients' immunological status or with cirrhosis. Anti\u2010HEV IgG and IgM and HEV RNA testing were concurrently performed on the plasma from 184 patients infected with HIV, including 81 with a CD4+ T\u2010lymphocyte count (CD4 count) &lt;50\u2009cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup> and 32 with a cirrhosis. Prevalence of anti\u2010HEV IgG and IgM was 4.4% (8\/184) and 1.6% (3\/184), respectively. Past, recent, and on\u2010going infections were observed in 3.3% (6\/184), 1.6% (3\/184), and 0.5% (1\/184) of the patients, respectively. Anti\u2010HEV antibodies prevalence did not differ significantly according to CD4 count, cirrhosis, sex, age, mode of HIV transmission, and infection with hepatitis B or C virus. Anti\u2010HEV IgG seroreversion was observed in two patients. The patient whose plasma tested positive for HEV RNA had a CD4 count &lt;50\u2009cells\/mm<jats:sup>3<\/jats:sup>; HEV genotype was 3f. In this patient, longitudinal testing showed HEV RNA positivity during a 10\u2010month period, indicating chronic HEV infection; in contrast, anti\u2010HEV IgG never tested positive. Further studies are needed to evaluate the performance of commercial HEV serological assays in patients infected with HIV and to assess the actual incidence, prevalence, and outcome of HEV infection in this special group of patients. HEV RNA testing is necessary for such purposes. J. Med. Virol. 83:1704\u20131716, 2011. \u00a9 2011 Wiley\u2010Liss, Inc.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.22177","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2011,8,11]],"date-time":"2011-08-11T12:51:10Z","timestamp":1313067070000},"page":"1704-1716","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":77,"title":["Hepatitis E virus infection in patients infected with the human immunodeficiency 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