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The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of HPV types and the association between HPV types and abnormal cervical cytology among female sex workers in Northern Vietnam. Cervical swabs and plasma samples were collected from 281 female sex workers at two health centers in Hanoi and Hai Phong in 2009. The HPV L1 gene was amplified by PCR using original and modified GP5<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup>\/6<jats:sup>+<\/jats:sup> primers. Amplified PCR products were genotyped by the microarray system GeneSquare (KURABO) and\/or clonal sequencing. Of the 281 women, 139 (49.5%) were positive for HPV DNA. Among the HPV\u2010positive samples, 339 strains and 29 different types were identified. Multiple\u2010type and high risk\u2010type HPV infections were found in 85 (61.2%) and 124 (89.2%) women, respectively. The most common genotype was HPV\u201052, followed by HPV\u201016, HPV\u201018, and HPV\u201058. Abnormal cervical cytology was detected in 3.2% (9\/281) of the women, and all of these samples were positive for HPV\u2010DNA. Age \u226425 years and infection with human immunodeficiency virus were associated positively with HPV infection among the women while ever smoking was associated negatively. These results show that HPV\u201052 is most prevalent among female sex workers in Northern Vietnam, most of whom had normal cervical cytology. This information may be important for designing vaccination strategies in Vietnam. J. Med. 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