{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,4,28]],"date-time":"2026-04-28T04:05:31Z","timestamp":1777349131439,"version":"3.51.4"},"reference-count":26,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,19]],"date-time":"2013-11-19T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384819200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus (AHFV) is an emerging flavivirus that was isolated originally from Saudi Arabia in 1994\u20131995. The main tests used for the detection of AHFV are the real time (rt) RT\u2010PCR and virus isolation in cell culture. In the present study the detection of AHFV by rtRT\u2010PCR was compared with virus isolation in BHK\u201021, HEp\u20102, and LLC\u2010MK2 cell lines. AHFV suspensions grown in BHK\u201021, HEp\u20102, and LLC\u2010MK2 cell lines were serially diluted 10\u2010fold from 10<jats:sup>\u22121<\/jats:sup> to 10<jats:sup>\u221211<\/jats:sup>. Samples from each dilution were used to inoculate four cell culture tubes and were also examined by the rtRT\u2010PCR for AHFV RNA. Fifteen non\u2010inoculated cell culture samples (five from each cell line) were included blindly in both tests. Thus, a total of 132 AHFV\u2010positive and 15 negative control samples were tested. The rtRT\u2010PCR could detect the viral RNA in all diluted specimens up to and including the 10<jats:sup>\u221210<\/jats:sup> dilution (40 specimens for each cell line), whereas, cell cultures were positive in 70% of specimens for BHK\u201021, 65% for LLC\u2010MK2, and 45% for HEp\u20102 at this dilution. None of the three cell cultures nor the rtRT\u2010PCR was positive at 10<jats:sup>\u221211<\/jats:sup> dilution. The specificity and positive predictive values of virus isolation compared to rtRT\u2010PCR were each 100%, whereas the negative predictive values were 29.4% for BHK\u201021, 26.3% for LLC\u2010MK2, and 18.5% for HEp\u20102. In conclusion, the rtRT\u2010PCR is more sensitive than virus isolation for detecting AHFV. <jats:bold><jats:italic>J. Med. Virol. 86:1176\u20131180, 2014<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23755","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,19]],"date-time":"2013-11-19T11:16:21Z","timestamp":1384859781000},"page":"1176-1180","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Comparison of RT\u2010PCR assay and virus isolation in cell culture for the detection of alkhumra hemorrhagic fever virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Tariq A.","family":"Madani","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medicine King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"El\u2010Tayb M.E.","family":"Abuelzein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Scientific Chair of Sheikh Mohammad Hussein Al\u2010Amoudi for Viral Hemorrhagic Fever and Special Infectious Agents Unit King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Special Infectious Agents Unit King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Esam I.","family":"Azhar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Infectious Agents Unit King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Faculty of Applied Medical Science, Department of Medical Laboratory Technology King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hussein M.S.","family":"Al\u2010Bar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculty of Medicine, Department of Family and Community Medicine King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Huda","family":"Abu\u2010Araki","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory Animals Unit, King Fahd Medical 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