{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,17]],"date-time":"2025-12-17T08:39:47Z","timestamp":1765960787764},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,9,23]],"date-time":"2013-09-23T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1379894400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label \/><jats:p>Dengue infection is an important tropical disease worldwide. The host immune response has been studied in order to better understand lesion mechanisms. It was performed an immunohistochemical study in 14 specimens of liver from patients with dengue hemorrhagic fever (DHF) to characterize cytokines and some factors present in liver lesions and their possible role in the pathogenesis of hepatic injury. Portal tract and hepatic acinus presented high expression of TLR2, TLR3, IL6, and granzyme B. Hepatic acinus also presented iNOS, IL18, and TGF\u2010beta. Cells expressing IL12, IL13, JAk1, STAT1, and NF\u2010\u03baB were rarely visualized. Treg cells foxp3+ were absent. TLR2 and TLR3 seem to participate in cellular activation and cytokine production. Cytotoxic response seems to play a role. Although TGF\u2010beta promotes the activation of Foxp3+ regulatory T cells, IL6 can significantly suppresses their generation. The expression of Treg cells is diminished probably as a result of the high frequency of these cytokines. Both cytokines play a role in the increased vascular permeability and edema observed in dengue liver specimens, with consequent plasma leakage and severity of the disease. It was observed a regular expression of IL\u201018 in hepatocytes and lymphocytes of the inflammatory infiltrate in portal tract, which reflects the acute inflammatory response that occurs in the liver and contributes to hepatic injury. At least in part, the increased number of cells expressing IL\u201018 could play a role of \u201cup\u201d regulation of FasL and correlate to the phenomenon of apoptosis, a mechanism of destruction of hepatocytes in DHF. <jats:bold><jats:italic>J. Med. Virol. 86:1193\u20131197, 2014<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23758","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,10,12]],"date-time":"2013-10-12T00:47:33Z","timestamp":1381538853000},"page":"1193-1197","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":45,"title":["Immunopathogenesis of dengue hemorrhagic fever: Contribution to the study of human liver lesions"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Carla","family":"Pagliari","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Faculdade de Medicina da Universidade de S\u00e3o Paulo Laborat\u00f3rio da Disciplina de Patologia de Mol\u00e9stias Transmiss\u00edveis Departamento de Patologia S\u00e3o Paulo Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Juarez Antonio Sim\u00f5es","family":"Quaresma","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"N\u00facleo de Medicina Tropical UFPA Bel\u00e9m Par\u00e1 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