{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,4]],"date-time":"2026-02-04T16:10:21Z","timestamp":1770221421112,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":29,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,20]],"date-time":"2013-11-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1384905600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Omsk hemorrhagic fever (OHF) is a severe disease that emerged in the 1940s in Siberia, Russia. It is caused by the OHF virus (OHFV), belonging to the <jats:italic>Flavivirus<\/jats:italic> genus. In wildlife, the principal vector of OHFV is the <jats:italic>Dermacentor reticulatus<\/jats:italic> tick. However, humans are mainly infected after contact with an infected muskrat <jats:italic>Ondatra zibethicus<\/jats:italic>. The evolutionary history of OHFV is not yet clarified. In an attempt to reconstruct the temporal and spatial phylodynamics of OHFV, a collection of 25 OHFV strains was studied. Maximum likelihood analysis, the Bayesian MCMC approach, and procedures based on continuous\u2010time Markov Chain process, were used for the investigation of OHFV E gene nucleotide sequences. Six statistically supported clusters of OHFV were identified; five of them joined in a main clade A. The first revealed evolutionary event, when OHFV clade A and clade B divided, dated to about 700 years ago. Clusters C, D, and E, within clade A, separated 230 years ago and further evolved during last century. The phylogeographic analysis showed that clade A originated in the Omsk Province, whereas clusters B, C, and E appeared to originate in Kurgan, Novosibirsk, and Omsk Provinces, respectively. In conclusion, OHFV, as a member of the mammalian tick\u2010borne group of flaviviruses, evolved in Western Siberia during the last millennium. When a highly susceptible species, <jats:italic>O.zibethicus<\/jats:italic>, was introduced into the region, in the 1930s, OHFV used this species as an amplifying host that lead to numerous fatal epizootics in muskrats and to human OHF outbreaks. <jats:bold><jats:italic>J. Med. Virol. 86:1181\u20131187, 2014<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 2013 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23856","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,20]],"date-time":"2013-11-20T19:05:59Z","timestamp":1384974359000},"page":"1181-1187","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":24,"title":["The deduced evolution history of Omsk hemorrhagic fever virus"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Liudmila S.","family":"Karan","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Institute of Epidemiology Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Massimo","family":"Ciccozzi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases National Institute of Health Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Valerii V.","family":"Yakimenko","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Omsk Research Institute of Natural Foci Infections Omsk Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alessandra Lo","family":"Presti","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases National Institute of Health Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eleonora","family":"Cella","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases National Institute of Health Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gianguglielmo","family":"Zehender","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biomedical and Clinical Sciences L. Sacco Hospital University of Milan Milan Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Giovanni","family":"Rezza","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Parasitic and Immunomediated Diseases National Institute of Health Rome Italy"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Alexander E.","family":"Platonov","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Central Research Institute of Epidemiology Moscow Russia"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2013,11,20]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"88","article-title":"[The clinico\u2010epidemiological characteristics of Omsk hemorrhagic fever in 1988\u20131992]","volume":"4","author":"Belov GF","year":"1995","journal-title":"Zh Mikrobiol Epidemiol Immunobiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pone.0031981"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","first-page":"4","article-title":"[Omsk hemorrhagic fever\u2014current status of the problem]","volume":"45","author":"Busygin FF","year":"2000","journal-title":"Vopr Virusol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1371\/journal.pntd.0001352"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/molbev\/msi103"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1471-2148-7-214"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.virol.2006.09.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1099\/0022-1317-74-2-287"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/sysbio\/syq010"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s00299-001-0399-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.01013-12"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","unstructured":"KaranLS YakimenkoVV PlatonovAE MatushenkoAA ShipulinGA.2004.The taxonomic position of Omsk Hemorrhagic Fever virus within tick\u2010borne encephalitis antigenic complex. 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