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In addition, the inhabitants of this border region have experienced several wars, which have affected public health infrastructures. This study characterized for the first time, the evolution of the full\u2010length genome of HBV strains in asymptomatic carrier patients living in this particular region. In addition, this study was compared and complemented by a comprehensive evolutionary analysis of the worldwide geographical distribution of HBV subgenotype D1. Evolutionary analysis demonstrates that patients living in the northern coast of the Persian Gulf are mainly infected with HBV subgenotype D1, subtype <jats:italic>ayw2<\/jats:italic>. Specific mutations related to advanced liver disease were found more frequently in these strains compared to other strains isolated from asymptomatic carriers from other regions of Iran. This global comprehensive analysis showed that HBV subgenotype D1 strains have a worldwide distribution and that human mobility and immigration had a large impact on dispersal of HBV subgenotype D1, subtype <jats:italic>ayw2<\/jats:italic> in Middle Eastern countries such as Iran, Syria, and Turkey. In addition to association of subtype <jats:italic>ayw2<\/jats:italic> with subgenotype D1, it was demonstrated that other HBV subtypes like <jats:italic>adw2<\/jats:italic>, <jats:italic>ayw1<\/jats:italic>, and <jats:italic>ayw3<\/jats:italic> are associated with HBV subgenotype D1 in different regions of the world. This study also revealed a remarkable distribution of subgenotype D1, subtype <jats:italic>ayw4<\/jats:italic> although this particular subtype is associated with subgenotype D4 of HBV in European countries. <jats:bold><jats:italic>J. Med. 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