{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,3,27]],"date-time":"2026-03-27T05:56:27Z","timestamp":1774590987391,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":23,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1394582400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>Crimean\u2010Congo hemorrhagic fever (CCHF) is a zoonotic disease, which is usually transmitted to humans by tick bites or contact with blood or other infected tissues of livestock. Patients suffering from CCHF demonstrate an extensive spectrum of clinical symptoms. As it can take considerable time from suspecting the disease in hospital until reaching a definitive diagnosis in the laboratory, understanding the clinical symptoms and laboratory findings of CCHF patients is of paramount importance for clinicians. The data were collected from patients who were referred to the Laboratory of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers at the Pasteur institute of Iran with a primary diagnosis of CCHF between 1999 and 2012 and were assessed by molecular and serologic tests. Referred patients were divided into two groups: patients with a CCHF positive result and patients with a CCHF negative result. The laboratory and clinical findings of these two groups were then compared. Two\u2010thousand five hundred thirty\u2010six probable cases of CCHF were referred to the laboratory, of which 871 cases (34.3%) were confirmed to be CCHF. Contact with infected humans and animals increased the CCHF infection risk (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.001). A tick bite was not a risk factor. Fever; bleeding, vomiting, leucopoenia, thrombocytopenia, and increases in alanine transaminase (ALT) and aspartate transaminase (AST) levels were also indicative of CCHF infection. Accurate and speedy diagnosis of CCHF and appropriate treatment play an important role in patient survival and the application of the findings of this study can prove helpful as a key for early diagnosis. <jats:bold><jats:italic>J. Med. Virol. 86:1188\u20131192, 2014<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 2014 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.23922","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]],"date-time":"2014-03-12T09:05:56Z","timestamp":1394615156000},"page":"1188-1192","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":33,"title":["Clinical symptoms and laboratory findings supporting early diagnosis of Crimean\u2010Congo hemorrhagic fever in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"86","author":[{"given":"Ehsan","family":"Mostafavi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Behzad","family":"Pourhossein","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Epidemiology Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran"},{"name":"Department of Virology School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Sadegh","family":"Chinikar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Laboratory of Arboviruses and Viral Hemorrhagic Fevers (National Reference Laboratory) Pasteur Institute of Iran Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_6_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2007.09.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1865-1682.2008.01028.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2009.10.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2009.0247"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5799\/ahinjs.02.2011.03.0027"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/vbz.2011.0694"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1473-3099(06)70435-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2006.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3109\/00365548.2011.621445"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2005.02.016"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_12_1","article-title":"Severe Crimean\u2010Congo haemorrhagic fever presented with massive retroperitoneal haemorrhage that recovered without antiviral treatment","author":"Gharabaghi MA","year":"2011","journal-title":"BMJ Case Rep."},{"key":"e_1_2_6_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/jmedent\/15.4.307"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2003.10.008"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_15_1","first-page":"226","article-title":"Clinical picture of Crimean hemorrhagic fever","volume":"7","author":"Leshchinskaya E","year":"1965","journal-title":"English NAMRU3\u20101856"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2013.01.010"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid1710.110061"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2011.06.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_19_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Crimean\u2010Congo hemorrhagic fever","volume":"17","author":"Sharifi\u2010Mood B","year":"2012","journal-title":"Pajoohandeh J"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_20_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2004.02.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.4269\/ajtmh.1987.36.120"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1093\/clinids\/11.Supplement_4.S794"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2004.08.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_6_24_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijid.2008.07.021"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmv.23922","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.23922","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,10,3]],"date-time":"2023-10-03T11:39:24Z","timestamp":1696333164000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.23922"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]},"references-count":23,"journal-issue":{"issue":"7","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2014,7]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.23922"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.23922","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2014,3,12]]}}}