{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,3]],"date-time":"2025-12-03T17:42:18Z","timestamp":1764783738428,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"11","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]],"date-time":"2015-05-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1431302400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"name":"Specialized Research Fund","award":["20093420120005"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["20093420120005"]}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","award":["30771907"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["30771907"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"crossref"}]},{"name":"National Key Basic Research Programme of China","award":["2009CB526411"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["2009CB526411"]}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>The prevalence of occult hepatitis B virus infection (OBI) among people with a family history of chronic hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection is unclear. Serum samples were collected from 747 hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)\u2010negative people with a family history of HBV infection and 579 HBsAg\u2010negative volunteer blood donors. The presence of HBV DNA was evaluated using nested PCR with primers specific for the X, S, and C regions of HBV. The Pre\u2010S1\/Pre\u2010S2\/ S region PCR products for the OBI group and their family members with chronic HBV infection (control group) were sequenced and compared. The prevalence of OBI was 8.0% (60\/747) among HBsAg\u2010negative people with a family history of chronic HBV infection, compared to 2.6% (15\/579) among the blood donors (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.05). The prevalence of HBV genotype B infection was lower in the OBI group than in the control group (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.031). The substitution rates in the major hydrophilic region and the \u201ca\u201d determinant seemed to be higher in the OBI group (0.893 vs. 0.507; 1.042 vs. 0.403, respectively), and stop codon mutations more frequent in the OBI sequences (OBI: 2\/26, 7.7% vs. control: 0\/31, 0%). However, none of these differences was statistically significant (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.237, 0.199, 0.201, respectively). In summary, the prevalence of OBI among HBsAg\u2010negative people with a family history of chronic HBV infection was significantly higher than that in Chinese blood donors. However, S region mutations and the escape mechanism are not likely to be the major causes of increased prevalence of OBI. <jats:bold><jats:italic>J. Med. Virol. 87:1890\u20131898, 2015<\/jats:italic>.<\/jats:bold> \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24245","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]],"date-time":"2015-05-11T16:40:14Z","timestamp":1431362414000},"page":"1890-1898","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Occult hepatitis B virus infection among people with a family history of chronic hepatitis B virus infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"87","author":[{"given":"Zhenhua","family":"Zhang","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230022 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ling","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230022 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yu","family":"Dai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230022 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Lei","family":"Jin","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230022 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Binghu","family":"Sun","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230022 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Qian","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230022 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Xu","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases The First Affiliated Hospital Anhui Medical University Hefei 230022 China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_5_2_1","first-page":"1225","article-title":"Occult hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection: A global challenge for medicine","volume":"58","author":"Assar S","year":"2012","journal-title":"Clin Lab"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/jhep.2001.25172"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-8-394"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1572-0241.2002.05706.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s15010-011-0151-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1053\/j.gastro.2004.08.003"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6532(05)80005-8"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"2793","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.38.7.2793-2794.2000","article-title":"Hepatitis B virus surface antigen (HBsAg) mutants in Singapore adults and vaccinated children with high anti\u2010hepatitis B virus antibody levels but negative for HBsAg","volume":"38","author":"Chen WN","year":"2000","journal-title":"J Clin Microbiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.20503"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2013.11.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S1386-6532(03)00117-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1023\/B:CACO.0000043435.59195.3c"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1046\/j.1365-2893.2002.00344.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/jvh.12222"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/liv.12482"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/01.TP.0000163468.80223.74"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.80.6.2968-2975.2006"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2011.01482.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_20_1","first-page":"e112803(1\u20134)","article-title":"Rare detection of occult hepatitis B virus infection in children of mothers with positive hepatitis B surface antigen","volume":"9","author":"Liu Y","year":"2014","journal-title":"PLoS ONE"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3851\/IMP2826"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_22_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","first-page":"1121","DOI":"10.2310\/JIM.0b013e3182a70f10","article-title":"Racial disparities in hepatitis B infection in Ohio: Screening and immunization are critical for early clinical management","volume":"61","author":"Misra R","year":"2013","journal-title":"J Invest Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.09.017"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_24_1","unstructured":"PangXH WangH MaJX LiLQ ZhangXC LiSM WuK LiQ LiuXY ZhangW.2012. Study on family aggregation and risk factors of hepatitis B virus transmission in Chaoyang district Beijing. Zhonghua Yu Fang Yi Xue Za Zhi 46:818\u2013821."},{"key":"e_1_2_5_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2008.07.014"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_26_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2006.10.007"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_27_1","first-page":"12260","article-title":"Seroprevalence of occult hepatitis B among Egyptian paediatric hepatitis C cancer patients","volume":"23","author":"Raouf HE","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Viral Hepat"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_28_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11901-014-0238-2"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jhep.2012.04.021"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/hep.23464"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00009-07"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_32_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.01781-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/1743-422X-10-25"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_34_1","first-page":"00435","article-title":"In vitro and in vivo replication of a chemically synthesized consensus genome of hepatitis B virus genotype B","volume":"27","author":"Zhang Z","year":"2014","journal-title":"J Virol Methods"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-2893.2010.01322.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_5_36_1","first-page":"891","article-title":"Establishment of reference sequences of hepatitis B virus genotype B and C in China","volume":"17","author":"Zhang ZH","year":"2009","journal-title":"Zhonghua Gan Zang Bing Za Zhi"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmv.24245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.24245","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,7]],"date-time":"2023-09-07T19:54:22Z","timestamp":1694116462000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.24245"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]]},"references-count":35,"journal-issue":{"issue":"11","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2015,11]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.24245"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.24245","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"type":"print","value":"0146-6615"},{"type":"electronic","value":"1096-9071"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2015,5,11]]}}}