{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,5]],"date-time":"2026-10-05T15:12:59Z","timestamp":1791213179602,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"7","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2016,1,5]],"date-time":"2016-01-05T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1451952000000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100004748","name":"Mashhad University of Medical Sciences","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100004748","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2016,7]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec>\n                    <jats:label\/>\n                    <jats:p>\n                      Human T\u2010lymphotropic virus type 1 (HTLV\u20101) infection is an important health issue that affects a variety of endemic areas. The Khorasan province, mainly its capital Mashhad in northeastern Iran, was reported to be as one of these endemic regions. Torbat\u2010e Heydarieh, a large city Southwest border to Mashhad with a segregated population was investigated for the prevalence and associated risk factors of HTLV\u20101 infection in 400 randomly selected individuals. Blood samples were tested for the presence of HTLV\u20101 antibodies via the ELISA method and then were confirmed by an Immunoblot test. For the presence of HTLV\u20101 in lymphocytes of infected subjects, PCR was performed on LTR and TAX regions. DNA sequencing of LTR fragment was also carried out to determine the phylogenetic of HTLV\u20101, using the Maximum likelihood method. HTLV\u20101 sero\u2010reactivity (sero\u2010prevalence) among the study population was 2% (8\/400), of which 1.25% had HTLV\u20101 provirus in lymphocytes (actual prevalence). HTLV\u20101 infection was significantly associated with the age, marital status, and history of blood transfusion (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      &lt;\u20090.05). However, there were no statistical differences between HTLV\u20101 infection, and gender, surgery, and hospitalization. In regression analysis, age showed the most significant correlation with the infection (\n                      <jats:italic>P\u2009<\/jats:italic>\n                      =\u20090.006, OR\u2009=\u20094.33). Based on our phylogenetic study, the HTLV\u20101 prevalent sequence type of Torbat\u2010e Heydarieh belongs to the cosmopolitan subtype A. HTLV\u20101 prevalence in Torbat\u2010e Heydarieh (1.25%) is low comparing to those of both Mashhad (2\u20133%) and Neishabour (3.5\u20135%) in the province of Khorasan. Thus, traveling mobility and population mixing such as marriage, bureaucratic affairs, occupation, and economic activities could be the usual routs of HTLV\u20101 new wave of spreading in this segregated city.\n                      <jats:bold>\n                        <jats:italic>J. Med. Virol. 88:1247\u20131253, 2016<\/jats:italic>\n                      <\/jats:bold>\n                      . \u00a9 2015 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.\n                    <\/jats:p>\n                  <\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.24448","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2015,12,17]],"date-time":"2015-12-17T21:36:41Z","timestamp":1450388201000},"page":"1247-1253","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["Prevalence and phylogenetic analysis of HTLV\u20101 in a segregated population in Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"88","author":[{"given":"Houshang","family":"Rafatpanah","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Centre Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Mahmood","family":"Torkamani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Faculty of Sciences Islamic Azad University Jahrom Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Narges","family":"Valizadeh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Centre Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Rosita","family":"Vakili","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Baratali","family":"Meshkani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Biochemistry and Nutrition Research Center Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Khademi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Torbat\u2010e Heydarieh University of Medical Sciences Torbat\u2010e Heydarieh Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sina","family":"Gerayli","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biology Faculty of Sciences Ferdowsi University of Mashhad Mashhad Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Sayed Hamid Reza","family":"Mozhgani","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Virology School of Public Health Tehran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Seyed Abdolrahim","family":"Rezaee","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Inflammation and Inflammatory Diseases Research Centre Faculty of Medicine Mashhad University of Medical Sciences Mashhad 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