{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,11,11]],"date-time":"2025-11-11T22:18:46Z","timestamp":1762899526588,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":50,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"5","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]],"date-time":"2018-02-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1518652800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":[],"crossmark-restriction":false},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,5]]},"abstract":"<jats:sec><jats:label\/><jats:p>One of the commonest HIV\u2010associated opportunistic infections of the central nervous system is neurotuberculosis. Interaction between HIV,<jats:italic>Mycobacterium tuberculosis<\/jats:italic>and host immune system in co\u2010infected individuals may result in altered frequencies of immune cells, thereby modulating dissemination and disease progression. We examined the frequencies of natural killer (NK) cell and dendritic cell (DC) subsets in HIV infected individuals with neurotuberculosis (HIVNTB) as compared to individuals with HIV associated systemic TB (HIVSTB), asymptomatic HIV, non\u2010HIV NTB, non\u2010HIV STB, and healthy controls. Peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) were stained with fluorochrome\u2010conjugated monoclonal antibodies\u2010 Lineage cocktail (containing CD3, CD14, CD19, and CD20), HLA\u2010DR, CD16, CD56, CD11c, and CD123, fixed with 2% paraformaldehyde and analyzed on the flow cytometer. The pDCs were significantly reduced in all HIV infected groups, with a marked reduction in HIVNTB cases as compared to healthy controls. While the CD56<jats:sup>\u2010<\/jats:sup>CD16<jats:sup>bt<\/jats:sup>NK cell subset displayed a significant increase in frequency in all three HIV infected groups compared the three HIV negative groups, the CD56<jats:sup>dim<\/jats:sup>CD16<jats:sup>bt<\/jats:sup>subset was significantly lower in frequency in the HIVNTB compared to healthy controls. The decreased frequencies of plasmacytoid DCs and cytotoxic NK cells, which are crucial for innate immune defence against HIV, may result in ineffective virus control and lead to an exacerbated course of disease in HIVNTB individuals.<\/jats:p><\/jats:sec>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25042","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,3]],"date-time":"2018-02-03T10:26:38Z","timestamp":1517653598000},"page":"899-906","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["Alterations in natural killer and dendritic cell subsets in individuals with HIV\u2010associated neurotuberculosis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-1950-962X","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Deepashri","family":"Rao","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurovirology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Manjunatha M.","family":"Venkataswamy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurovirology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ravi","family":"Vasanthapuram","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurovirology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Parthasarathy","family":"Satishchandra","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Anita","family":"Desai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Neurovirology National Institute of Mental Health and Neurosciences (NIMHANS) Bangalore India"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,2,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","unstructured":"WHO. 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