{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,1,13]],"date-time":"2026-01-13T06:04:39Z","timestamp":1768284279956,"version":"3.49.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"9","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,6]],"date-time":"2018-06-06T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528243200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,9]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Most cases of hepatitis B virus\u2013associated glomerulonephritis (HBV\u2010GN) occur in children and present with serum HBsAg positivity. Few studies have investigated adult patients with HBV\u2010GN who are serum HBsAg\u2010negative. This study aimed to determine the clinical and pathological features of adult patients with HBV\u2010GN who are serum hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)\u2010negative.\u00a0Clinical, pathologic, and laboratory findings were collected and analyzed in a cohort of 27 adult patients with HBV\u2010GN who were serum HBsAg\u2010negative upon diagnosis.\u00a0The study population included mostly men of middle age (40\u201059 years). Clinically, patients presented with nephrotic syndrome. Serum immunoglobulin G levels were low, whereas serum immunoglobulin M, immunoglobulin A, complement C3 (C3), and complement C4 (C4) levels as well as liver and renal function tests were normal in most or all patients. Among the 27 patients, 21 tested positive for HBV antibodies. Membranous nephropathy was the dominant pathological form on kidney biopsy. In addition, only a few patients showed a \u201cfull house\u201d staining pattern and renal immune deposit of complement C1q (C1q).\u00a0Serum HBsAg\u2010negative HBV\u2010GN may represent a late stage of HBV infection. We recommend routine testing for HBV markers on renal biopsy in regions where HBV is prevalent, even when tests for serum HBV markers are negative.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25211","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,2]],"date-time":"2018-05-02T15:45:24Z","timestamp":1525275924000},"page":"1503-1507","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":5,"title":["Resolution of HBV infection occurs sooner than recovery of renal disease in adult serum HBsAg\u2010negative HBV\u2013associated glomerulonephritis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Fang","family":"Xu MD","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology The First Hospital of Jilin University  Changchun China"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Chong","family":"Wang MD","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology The First Hospital of Jilin University 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