{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,10]],"date-time":"2026-10-10T13:40:56Z","timestamp":1791639656204,"version":"4.3.4"},"reference-count":37,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,11]],"date-time":"2018-06-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528675200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001665","name":"Agence Nationale de la Recherche","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ANR\u201010\u2010IAHU\u201003"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ANR\u201010\u2010IAHU\u201003"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001665","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Primary HIV\u20101 infections (PHI) with non\u2010B subtypes are increasing in developed countries while transmission of HIV\u20101 harboring antiretroviral resistance\u2010associated mutations (RAMs) remains a concern. This study assessed non\u2010B HIV\u20101 subtypes and RAMs prevalence among patients with PHI in university hospitals of Marseille, Southeastern France, in 2005\u20102015 (11 years). HIV\u20101 sequences were obtained by in\u2010house protocols from 115 patients with PHI, including 38 for the 2013\u20102015 period. On the basis of the phylogenetic analysis of the reverse transcriptase region, non\u2010B subtypes were identified in 31% of these patients. They included 3 different subtypes (3A, 1C, 4F), 23 circulating recombinant forms (CRFs) (CRF02_AG, best BLAST hits being CRF 36_cpx and CRF30 in 7 and 1 cases, respectively), and 5 unclassified sequences (U). Non\u2010B subtypes proportion increased significantly, particularly in 2011\u20102013 vs in 2005\u20102010 (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.03). CRF02_AG viruses largely predominated in 2005\u20102013 whereas atypical strains more difficult to classify and undetermined recombinants emerged recently (2014\u20102015). The prevalence of protease, nucleos(t)ide reverse transcriptase, and first\u2010generation nonnucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitors\u2013associated RAMs were 1.7% (World Health Organization [WHO] list, 2009\/2.6% International AIDS Society [IAS] list, 2017), 5.2%\/4.3%, and 5.2%\/5.2%, respectively. Etravirine\/rilpivirine\u2010associated RAM (IAS) prevalence was 4.3%. Men who have sex with men (MSM) were more frequently infected with drug\u2010resistant viruses than other patients (26% vs 7%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.011). The recent increase of these rare HIV\u20101 strains and the spread of drug\u2010resistant HIV\u20101 among MSM in Southeastern France might be considered when implementing prevention strategies and starting therapies.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25228","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T15:00:50Z","timestamp":1527174050000},"page":"1559-1567","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":9,"title":["Emergence of uncommon HIV\u20101 non\u2010B subtypes and circulating recombinant forms and trends in transmission of antiretroviral drug resistance in patients with primary infection during the 2013\u20102015 period in Marseille, Southeastern France"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Catherine","family":"Tamalet","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"IRD, APHM, MEPHI, IHU\u2010M\u00e9diterran\u00e9e Infection Aix Marseille University  Marseille 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