{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,2,20]],"date-time":"2026-02-20T07:50:26Z","timestamp":1771573826741,"version":"3.50.1"},"reference-count":36,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,7]],"date-time":"2018-06-07T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1528329600000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Independent epidemiology for respective human T\u2010cell lymphotropic virus (HTLV) types 1 and 2 is little known in blood donors in Brazil, where screening for HTLV\u20101\/2 is mandatory at blood banks, but no testing to confirm\/differentiate these viruses. Therefore, this study aims to assess the prevalence of HTLV\u20101 and \u20102 in a first\u2010time blood donor population in Northeastern Brazil and to carry out molecular characterization of respective isolates. A cross\u2010sectional study was conducted at the State Blood Bank in Piau\u00ed. Samples were screened for anti\u2013HTLV\u20101\/2 by enzyme immunoassay, and reactive samples were confirmed using a line immunoassay and polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Of 37 306 blood donors, 47 were anti\u2013HTLV\u20101\/2 reactive by enzyme immunoassay. After confirmed by line immunoassay, 22 were positive for HTLV\u20101 (0.59 per 1000; 95% CI: 0.38\u20100.87), 14 were positive for HTLV\u20102 (0.37 per 1000; 95% CI: 0.21\u20100.61), 1 was indeterminate, and the remaining donors were negative. The HTLV\u20101 infection was also confirmed by PCR in all anti\u2013HTLV\u20101\u2010positive samples, and sequencing classified these isolates as belonging to the Transcontinental (A) subgroup of the Cosmopolitan (1a) subtype. Of 14 anti\u2013HTLV\u20102\u2010positive samples, 11 were also PCR positive, which belonged to subtype a (HTLV\u20102a\/c). In addition, 38 family members of 5 HTLV\u20101\u2010 and 3 HTLV\u20102\u2010infected donors were analyzed. Familial transmission of HTLV\u20101 and \u20102 was evidenced in 3 families. In conclusion, in Northeastern Brazil, where HTLV\u20101 and \u20102 are endemic, counseling blood donor candidates and their families might play a key role in limiting the spread of these viruses.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25231","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,5,24]],"date-time":"2018-05-24T14:59:45Z","timestamp":1527173985000},"page":"1651-1657","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":15,"title":["HTLV\u20101 and \u20102 in a first\u2010time blood donor population in Northeastern Brazil: Prevalence, molecular characterization, and evidence of intrafamilial transmission"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Ivonizete Pires","family":"Ribeiro","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health Federal University of Goi\u00e1s (UFG)  Goi\u00e1s Brazil"},{"name":"State University of Piau\u00ed  Piau\u00ed Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Aline Garcia","family":"Kozlowski","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health Federal University of Goi\u00e1s (UFG)  Goi\u00e1s Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Marcia Alves","family":"Dias de Matos","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health Federal University of Goi\u00e1s (UFG)  Goi\u00e1s Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"\u00c1gabo Macedo","family":"da Costa e Silva","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health Federal University of Goi\u00e1s (UFG)  Goi\u00e1s Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Megmar Aparecida","family":"dos Santos Carneiro","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health Federal University of Goi\u00e1s (UFG)  Goi\u00e1s Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Ana Carolina Paulo","family":"Vicente","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Oswaldo Cruz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation  Rio de Janeiro Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-8941-8531","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Regina Maria Bringel","family":"Martins","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health Federal University of Goi\u00e1s (UFG)  Goi\u00e1s Brazil"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,6,7]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1073\/pnas.77.12.7415"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/CMR.00063-09"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3389\/fmicb.2012.00388"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.antiviral.2016.10.015"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0036-46652015000100001"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1126\/science.6981847"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_8_1","first-page":"144","article-title":"The epidemiology and disease outcomes of human T\u2010lymphotropic virus type II","volume":"6","author":"Roucoux DF","year":"2004","journal-title":"AIDS Rev"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/trf.13329"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_10_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0102-311X2005000300027"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_11_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2011.0143"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_12_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.1994.10.1135"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_13_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JVI.70.3.1481-1492.1996"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_14_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.37.5.1324-1328.1999"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_15_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1089\/aid.2014.0287"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_16_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.bjid.2017.02.005"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1590\/S0037-86822003000600006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1111\/j.1365-3148.2009.00932.x"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_1_19_1","unstructured":"GarciaCA2010. 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