{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2025,12,28]],"date-time":"2025-12-28T06:18:01Z","timestamp":1766902681639,"version":"3.37.3"},"reference-count":35,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"12","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,13]],"date-time":"2018-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1534118400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100011102","name":"Seventh Framework Programme","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["260844"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["260844"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100011102","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2018,12]]},"abstract":"<jats:p>Acute hepatitis C (AHC) infection resolves spontaneously in 15% to 40% of patients. Factors favoring spontaneous viral clearance remain undefined. In this study, predictors of spontaneous viral clearance in patients with symptomatic AHC were investigated. Epidemiological, clinical, and virologic parameters were also examined. Patients with symptomatic AHC were enrolled and followed up prospectively. The patients were followed up every 2 weeks in the first month and then monthly for the following 5 months, with a follow\u2010up visit 6 months after the last hepatitis C virus (HCV)\u2010RNA negative sample for those who had cleared the virus. Interleukin (IL)\u201028B.rs12979860 single\u2010nucleotide polymorphism and HCV genotype were tested at baseline. HCV\u2010RNA was tested during each visit. Patients who remained RNA\u2010positive at 24 weeks were treated with pegylated interferon plus ribavirin for 24 weeks. A total of 30 patients, mostly with iatrogenically acquired AHC genotype 4 infections completed 6\u2010months\u2019 follow\u2010up, to either spontaneous clearance or start of treatment. The mean age of the patients was 37\u2009\u00b1\u200913 years. In total, 67% of patients were females, and the mean incubation period was 7.6\u2009\u00b1\u20093.5 weeks. Viral clearance occurred spontaneously in 19 (63.3%) patients. The average time to clearance was 24.3\u2009\u00b1\u20099.6 weeks.\u00a0A total of 11 patients received therapy, and 8 (72.7%) cleared the virus and had a sustained virologic response to the treatment 24 weeks after the therapy. A total of three patients were treatment nonresponders. IL28B.<jats:italic>rs12979860<\/jats:italic> CC genotype, female gender, and viremia level were not associated with self\u2010limiting AHC in this cohort. In conclusion, patients with symptomatic AHC genotype 4 infection caused by an iatrogenic exposure had higher rates of spontaneous resolution than previously reported. Predicting spontaneous viral clearance after iatrogenic AHC exposure was not possible in this population.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25270","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2018,7,16]],"date-time":"2018-07-16T17:19:54Z","timestamp":1531761594000},"page":"1841-1847","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":8,"title":["High spontaneous clearance of symptomatic iatrogenic acute hepatitis C genotype 4 infection"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"90","author":[{"given":"Mohamed","family":"Hashem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department Egyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), VACSERA Giza Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Epidemiology and Public Health University of Maryland School of Medicine Baltimore Maryland"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Hassan","family":"Zaghla","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology National Liver Institute, Menoufia University Shebeen El\u2010Kom Menoufia Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Zainab","family":"Zakaria","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department Egyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), VACSERA Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Walaa R.","family":"Allam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department Egyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), VACSERA Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Eman Abdel","family":"Sameea","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology National Liver Institute, Menoufia University Shebeen El\u2010Kom Menoufia Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Nabiel N.","family":"Mikhail","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Biostatistics and Cancer Epidemiology South Egypt Cancer Institute, Assiut University Assiut Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Maha","family":"Sobhy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department Egyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), VACSERA Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Iman F.","family":"Galal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department Egyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), VACSERA Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Yasser","family":"Mokhtar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department Egyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), VACSERA Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Shimaa","family":"Hamdy","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department Egyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), VACSERA Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Gehan","family":"Galal","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department Egyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), VACSERA Giza Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-9636-7485","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Sayed F.","family":"Abdelwahab","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"R&amp;D Department Egyptian Company for Blood Transfusion Services (EgyBlood), VACSERA Giza Egypt"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology and Immunology Faculty of Medicine, Minia University Minia Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]},{"given":"Imam","family":"Waked","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Hepatology National Liver Institute, Menoufia University Shebeen El\u2010Kom Menoufia Egypt"}],"role":[{"role":"author","vocabulary":"crossref"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2018,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_1_2_1","unstructured":"World Health Organization Hepatitis C. 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