{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,7,18]],"date-time":"2026-07-18T06:42:51Z","timestamp":1784356971010,"version":"3.55.0"},"reference-count":15,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,11]],"date-time":"2019-02-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1549843200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100006181","name":"Funda\u00e7\u00e3o de Amparo \u00e0 Pesquisa do Estado da Bahia","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100006181","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]},{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100003593","name":"Conselho Nacional de Desenvolvimento Cient\u00edfico e Tecnol\u00f3gico","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100003593","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>The clinical outcome of hepatitis B virus (HBV) infection may be related to host and viral genetic factors, as well as to the type of infection (monoinfection and coinfection). To analyze the distribution\/combination of HBV\/hepatitis D virus (HDV) genotypes and the associated clinical characteristics, 409 serum samples from patients with chronic HBV (94 of them coinfected by HDV) followed at the Viral Hepatitis Referral Center of Rio Branco, Brazil were enrolled. HBV DNA and HDV RNA were amplified, respectively, by polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and nested PCR using specific primers in the PreC\/C region and the S gene, and by reverse\u2010transcription PCR and seminested PCR using specific primers in the delta antigen region and sequenced. The proportion of women (56.1%) was significantly higher than males in this cohort (\n<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Women were significantly younger (39.8 years; 8\u201077 years) than males (44.7 years; 12\u201079 years; \n<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u20090.01). Sixty\u2010eight (18%) patients were infected with HBV\u2010F genotype and 264 (69.8%) with HBV\/non\u2010F genotypes. Coinfection by HDV was detected in 23.9% (94 of 409) of this population and was more frequent in male (54.2%, 51 of 94) than in female patients (44.7%, 42 of 94; \n<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20090.015). HDV\u20103 was the most prevalent (88.9%) genotype. Almost 70% of HDV\u20103 coinfected patients were infected with HBV\/non\u2010F genotypes. Severe liver disease was diagnosed in 41 patients, 60.9% (25 of 41) of them\u00a0coinfected with HDV. HBV\/HDV coinfection was associated with male sex, age above 30 years, severe liver disease, and increased alanine aminotransferase levels. HBV\/HDV\u20103 coinfection is associated with severe liver disease, in Rio Branco, Brazil.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25411","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,1,30]],"date-time":"2019-01-30T01:10:34Z","timestamp":1548810634000},"page":"1081-1086","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":23,"title":["Non\u2010F HBV\/HDV\u20103 coinfection is associated with severe liver disease in Western Brazilian Amazon"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-6522-2494","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Edinete","family":"Melo Da Silva","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche Medicale, INSERM U1052 Lyon France"},{"name":"Infectology Research Laboratory, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Professor Edgard Santos, HUPES\/UFBA Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Alan","family":"Kay","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche Medicale, INSERM U1052 Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cirley","family":"Lobato","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universidade Federal do Acre, UFAC Rio Branco Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Richard","family":"Muwonge","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"International Agency for Research on Cancer, IARC\/World Health Organization, WHO Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fabien","family":"Zoulim","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche Medicale, INSERM U1052 Lyon France"},{"name":"Department of Hepatology, Croix\u2010Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon Lyon France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Carlos","family":"Brites","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Infectology Research Laboratory, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Professor Edgard Santos, HUPES\/UFBA Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Raymundo","family":"Parana","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hepatology Unit Medical School, Hospital Universit\u00e1rio Professor Edgard Santos, HUPES\/UFBA Salvador Brazil"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Christian","family":"Trepo","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Institut National de la Sant\u00e9 et de la Recherche Medicale, INSERM U1052 Lyon France"},{"name":"Department of Hepatology, Croix\u2010Rousse Hospital, Hospices Civils de Lyon Lyon 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