{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,10,1]],"date-time":"2026-10-01T09:09:03Z","timestamp":1790845743231,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":43,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,20]],"date-time":"2019-02-20T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1550620800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2019,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>More than two million Muslims visit Makkah, Saudi Arabia, annually to perform the religious rituals of Hajj where the risk of spreading respiratory infections is very common. The aim here was to screen symptomatic pilgrims for Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS\u2010CoV) and other viral etiologies. Thus, 132 nasopharyngeal samples were collected from pilgrims presenting with acute respiratory symptoms at the healthcare facilities in the holy sites during the 5 days of the 2014 Hajj season. Samples were tested using real\u2010time reverse transcription polymerase chain reactions and microarray. Demographic data including age, sex, and country of origin were obtained for all participants. While we did not detect MERS\u2010CoV in any of the samples, several other viruses were detected in 50.8% of the cases. Among the detected viruses, 64.2% of the cases were due to a single\u2010virus infection and 35.8% were due to the\u00a0coinfections with up to four viruses. The most common respiratory virus was influenza A, followed by non\u2010MERS human coronaviruses, rhinoviruses, and influenza B. Together, we found that it was not MERS\u2010CoV but other respiratory viruses that caused acute respiratory symptoms among pilgrims. The observed high prevalence of influenza viruses underscores the need for more effective surveillance during the Hajj and adoption of stringent vaccination requirements from all pilgrims.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25424","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,2,7]],"date-time":"2019-02-07T07:33:57Z","timestamp":1549524837000},"page":"911-917","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":30,"title":["MERS\u2010CoV, influenza and other respiratory viruses among symptomatic pilgrims during 2014 Hajj season"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"91","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-8471-7011","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Anwar M.","family":"Hashem","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Infectious Agent Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"},{"name":"Department of Medical Microbiology and Parasitology Faculty of Medicine, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Tagreed L.","family":"Al\u2010Subhi","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Infectious Agent Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nassrin A.","family":"Badroon","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Infectious Agent Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ahmed M.","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Infectious Agent Unit, King Fahd Medical Research Center, King Abdulaziz University Jeddah Saudi Arabia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Leena Hussein M.","family":"Bajrai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Special Infectious Agent Unit, King 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