{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,3]],"date-time":"2026-09-03T04:42:14Z","timestamp":1788410534067,"version":"build-2803163510"},"reference-count":24,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"8","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,1,17]],"date-time":"2020-01-17T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1579219200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/creativecommons.org\/licenses\/by\/4.0\/"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/100004440","name":"Wellcome Trust","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["ISSF204826\/Z\/16\/Z"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["ISSF204826\/Z\/16\/Z"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/100004440","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,8]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>Polymerase chain reaction (PCR) detection has become the gold standard for diagnosis and typing of enterovirus (EV) and human parechovirus (HPeV) infections. Its effectiveness depends critically on using the appropriate sample types and high assay sensitivity\u00a0as viral loads in cerebrospinal fluid samples from meningitis and sepsis clinical presentation can be extremely low. This study evaluated the sensitivity and specificity of currently used commercial and in\u2010house diagnostic and typing assays. Accurately quantified RNA transcript controls were distributed to 27 diagnostic and 12 reference laboratories in 17 European countries for blinded testing. Transcripts represented the four human EV species (EV\u2010A71, echovirus 30, coxsackie A virus 21, and EV\u2010D68), HPeV3, and specificity controls. Reported results from 48 in\u2010house and 15 commercial assays showed 98% detection frequencies of high copy (1000 RNA copies\/5\u2009\u00b5L) transcripts. In\u2010house assays showed significantly greater detection frequencies of the low copy (10 copies\/5\u2009\u00b5L) EV and HPeV transcripts (81% and 86%, respectively) compared with commercial assays (56%, 50%; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u20097\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22125<\/jats:sup>). EV\u2010specific PCRs showed low cross\u2010reactivity with human rhinovirus C (3 of 42 tests) and infrequent positivity in the negative control (2 of 63 tests). Most or all high copy EV and HPeV controls were successfully typed (88%, 100%) by reference laboratories, but showed reduced effectiveness for low copy controls (41%, 67%). Stabilized RNA transcripts provide an effective, logistically simple and inexpensive reagent for evaluation of diagnostic assay performance. The study provides reassurance of the performance of the many in\u2010house assay formats used across Europe. However, it identified often substantially reduced sensitivities of commercial assays often used as point\u2010of\u2010care tests.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25659","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2019,12,28]],"date-time":"2019-12-28T08:24:21Z","timestamp":1577521461000},"page":"1065-1074","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":16,"title":["A European multicentre evaluation of detection and typing methods for human enteroviruses and parechoviruses using RNA transcripts"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"A.","family":"Hayes","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Nguyen","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nuffield Department of Medicine University of Oxford  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"M.","family":"Andersson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology Laboratory, John Radcliffe Hospital, Headley Way, Headington  Oxford UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A.","family":"Ant\u00f3n","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Respiratory Viruses Unit, Virology Section, Microbiology Department Hospital Universitari Vall d'Hebron, Vall d'Hebron Research Institute, Universitat Aut\u00f2noma de Barcelona, Passeig Vall d'Hebron  Barcelona Spain"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J.\u2010L.","family":"Bailly","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Universit\u00e9 Clermont Auvergne, LMGE UMR CNRS, UFR M\u00e9decine  Clermont\u2010Ferrand France"},{"name":"CHU Clermont\u2010Ferrand, National Reference Center for EV and Parechovirus\u2010Associated Laboratory  Clermont\u2010Ferrand France"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Beard","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Enteric Virus Unit, Virus Reference Department National Infection Service, Public Health England London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"K. 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M.","family":"Benschop","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Public Health and the Environment (RIVM) Bilthoven The Netherlands"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"N.","family":"Berginc","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department for Public Health Virology National Laboratory of Health, Environment and Food  Ljubljana Slovenia"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Blomqvist","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"National Institute for Health and Welfare, Mannerheimintie  Helsinki Finland"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"E.","family":"Cunningham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Viapath Infection Sciences, St. Thomas' Hospital London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"D.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Microbiology, Virology and infection Prevention &amp; Control  Great Ormond Street Hospital for Children NHS Foundation Trust London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"J. 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Clinical Medicine, University of Oslo Oslo Norway"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Dyrdak","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Microbiology Karolinska University Hospital Stockholm Sweden"},{"name":"Department of Microbiology, Tumor and Cell Biology Karolinska Institute Stockholm Sweden"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"G. J. A.","family":"Eltringham","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Molecular Diagnostics Laboratory, Microbiology, Freeman Hospital Newcastle Upon Tyne UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"S.","family":"Gonzales\u2010Goggia","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Public Health England Poliovirus Reference Laboratory, National Infection Service, Public Health England London UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"R.","family":"Gunson","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"West of Scotland Specialist Virology Centre Glasgow Royal Infirmary Glasgow UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"H. C.","family":"Howson\u2010Wells","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Nottingham University Hospitals NHS Trust, Clinical Microbiology, Queens Medical Centre  Nottingham UK"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"A. 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