{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,27]],"date-time":"2026-09-27T01:10:08Z","timestamp":1790471408583,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":54,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"6","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,3,11]],"date-time":"2020-03-11T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1583884800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["31470268"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["31470268"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,6]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>To investigate the evolutionary history of the recent outbreak of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) in China, a total of 70 genomes of virus strains from China and elsewhere with sampling dates between 24 December 2019 and 3 February 2020 were analyzed. To explore the potential intermediate animal host of the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 virus, we reanalyzed virome data sets from pangolins and representative SARS\u2010related coronaviruses isolates from bats, with particular attention paid to the spike glycoprotein gene. We performed phylogenetic, split network, transmission network, likelihood\u2010mapping, and comparative analyses of the genomes. Based on Bayesian time\u2010scaled phylogenetic analysis using the tip\u2010dating method, we estimated the time to the most recent common ancestor and evolutionary rate of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102, which ranged from 22 to 24 November 2019 and 1.19 to 1.31\u2009\u00d7\u200910<jats:sup>\u22123<\/jats:sup> substitutions per site per year, respectively. Our results also revealed that the BetaCoV\/bat\/Yunnan\/RaTG13\/2013 virus was more similar to the SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 virus than the coronavirus obtained from the two pangolin samples (SRR10168377 and SRR10168378). We also identified a unique peptide (PRRA) insertion in the human SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 virus, which may be involved in the proteolytic cleavage of the spike protein by cellular proteases, and thus could impact host range and transmissibility. Interestingly, the coronavirus carried by pangolins did not have the RRAR motif. Therefore, we concluded that the human SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 virus, which is responsible for the recent outbreak of COVID\u201019, did not come directly from pangolins.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25731","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,2,27]],"date-time":"2020-02-27T10:52:52Z","timestamp":1582800772000},"page":"602-611","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":329,"title":["Evolutionary history, potential intermediate animal host, and cross\u2010species analyses of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-3470-2196","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Xingguang","family":"Li","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector Wuhan University of Bioengineering Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Junjie","family":"Zai","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Immunology Innovation Team, School of Medicine Ningbo University Ningbo China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qiang","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Precision Cancer Center Airport Center Tianjin Cancer Hospital Airport Hospital Tianjin China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Qing","family":"Nie","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Microbiology Weifang Center for Disease Control and Prevention Weifang China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Yi","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Hubei Engineering Research Center of Viral Vector Wuhan University of Bioengineering Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Brian 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