{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,29]],"date-time":"2026-08-29T02:46:58Z","timestamp":1787971618413,"version":"build-2784847793"},"reference-count":55,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]],"date-time":"2020-06-24T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1592956800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"funder":[{"DOI":"10.13039\/501100001809","name":"National Natural Science Foundation of China","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","award":["81960343; the Emergency Science and Technology Brainstorm Project for the Prevention and Control of COVID\u201019, which is part of the Guangxi Key Research and Development Plan, Grant\/Award Number: AB20058002; and the High\u2010level Medical Expert Training Program of Guangxi\u201c139\u201dPlan Funding, Grant\/Award Number: G201903027"],"award-info":[{"award-number":["81960343; the Emergency Science and Technology Brainstorm Project for the Prevention and Control of COVID\u201019, which is part of the Guangxi Key Research and Development Plan, Grant\/Award Number: AB20058002; and the High\u2010level Medical Expert Training Program of Guangxi\u201c139\u201dPlan Funding, Grant\/Award Number: G201903027"]}],"id":[{"id":"10.13039\/501100001809","id-type":"DOI","asserted-by":"publisher"}]}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>We aimed to systematically review the clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019). Seven databases were searched to collect studies about the clinical characteristics of COVID\u201019 from January 1, 2020 to February 28, 2020. Then, meta\u2010analysis was performed by using Stata12.0 software. A total of 38 studies involving 3062 COVID\u201019 patients were included. Meta\u2010analysis showed that a higher proportion of infected patients was\u00a0male (56.9%). The incidence rate of respiratory failure or acute respiratory distress syndrome was 19.5% and the fatality rate was 5.5%. Fever (80.4%), fatigue (46%), cough (63.1%), and expectoration (41.8%) were the most common clinical manifestations. Other common symptoms included muscle soreness (33%), anorexia (38.8%), chest tightness (35.7%), shortness of breath (35%), dyspnea (33.9%). Minor symptoms included nausea and vomiting (10.2%), diarrhea (12.9%), headache (15.4%), pharyngalgia (13.1%), shivering (10.9%), and abdominal pain (4.4%). The proportion of patients that was\u00a0asymptomatic was\u00a011.9%. Normal leukocyte\u00a0counts (69.7%), lymphopenia (56.5%), elevated C\u2010reactive protein levels (73.6%), elevated ESR (65.6%), and oxygenation index decreased (63.6%) were observed in most patients. About 37.2% of patients were found with\u00a0elevated D\u2010dimer, 25.9% of patients with leukopenia, along with abnormal levels of liver function (29%), and renal function (25.5%). Other findings included leukocytosis (12.6%) and elevated procalcitonin (17.5%). Only 25.8% of patients had lesions involving a single lung and 75.7% of patients had lesions involving bilateral lungs. The most commonly experienced symptoms of COVID\u201019 patients were fever, fatigue, cough, and expectoration. A relatively small percentage of patients were asymptomatic. Most patients showed normal leucocytes counts, lymphopenia, elevated levels of C\u2010reactive protein and ESR. Bilateral lung\u00a0involvement was common.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25884","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,15]],"date-time":"2020-04-15T15:55:46Z","timestamp":1586966146000},"page":"1902-1914","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":461,"title":["Clinical characteristics of 3062 COVID\u201019 patients: A meta\u2010analysis"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-7718-9591","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jieyun","family":"Zhu","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Pan","family":"Ji","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jielong","family":"Pang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Zhimei","family":"Zhong","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hongyuan","family":"Li","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Cuiying","family":"He","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0003-4213-9310","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Jianfeng","family":"Zhang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Chunling","family":"Zhao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Emergency The Second Affiliated Hospital of Guangxi Medical University  Nanning People's Republic China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-020-1637-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","unstructured":"WHO.Clinical management of severe acute respiratory infection when Novel coronavirus (nCoV) infection is suspected: interim guidance [Internet].2020.https:\/\/www.who.int\/internalpublicationsdetail\/clinicalmanagementofsevereacuterespiratoryinfectionwhennovelcoronavirus(ncov)infectionissuspected. Accessed April 7 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","unstructured":"WHO.Statement on the second meeting of the International Health Regulations;2005.Emergency Committee regarding the outbreak of novel coronavirus (2019\u2010nCoV)[Internet].https:\/\/www.who.int\/newsroom\/detail\/30-01-2020-statement-on-thesecond-meeting-of-the-international-healthregulations-(2005)-emergency-committeeregarding-the-outbreak-of-novel-coronavirus-(2019-ncov). Accessed April 7 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","unstructured":"WHO.WHO Director\u2010General's remarks at the media briefing on 2019\u2010nCoV on 11 February2020[Internet].https:\/\/www.who.int\/dg\/speeches\/detail\/who-director-general-s-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-2019-ncov-on-11-february-2020. Accessed April 7 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","unstructured":"WHO.WHO Director\u2010General's opening remarks at the media briefing on COVID\u201019\u201311 March2020[Internet].https:\/\/www.who.int\/dg\/speeches\/detail\/who-director-general-s-opening-remarks-at-the-media-briefing-on-covid-19-11-march-2020. Accessed April 7 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","unstructured":"WHO.Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) outbrake situation[Internet].https:\/\/www.who.int\/emergencies\/diseases\/novel-coronavirus-2019. Accessed April 7 2020."},{"issue":"03","key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","first-page":"215","article-title":"Clinical features of 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia in the early stage from a fever clinic in Beijing","author":"Zhang MQ","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Tuberc Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25735"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"jmv.25757","article-title":"2019 novel coronavirus patients' clinical characteristics, discharge rate and fatality rate of meta\u2010analysis","author":"Li L","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of 463 patients with common and severe type coronavirus disease 2019","author":"Cheng KB","year":"2020","journal-title":"Shanghai Med J"},{"issue":"027","key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","article-title":"Epidemiological characteristics of 2019 novel coronavirus family clustering in Zhejiang province","volume":"54","author":"Sun WW","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Prev Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","unstructured":"NICE.Appendix 4 Quality of case series form [Internet].https:\/\/www.nice.org.uk\/guidance\/cg3\/documents\/appendix-4-quality-of-case-series-form2. Accessed April 7 2020."},{"issue":"01","key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"32","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis and treatment of critical patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia (report of 12 cases)","volume":"27","author":"Chen L","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and treatment analysis of 79 cases of COVID\u201019","author":"Fang XW","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin Pharmacol Bull"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","article-title":"Analysis of the relationship between clinical features and tongue manifestations of 40 cases with novel coronavirus pneumonia","author":"Yu SM","year":"2020","journal-title":"Beijing J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","article-title":"A preliminary study on the clinical characteristics and Chinese medical syndrome of 42 cases of COVID\u201019 in Nanjing","author":"Zhang X","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Nanjing Univ Trad Chin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of 30 medical workers infected with new coronavirus pneumonia","author":"Liu M","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Tuberculos Respirat Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","article-title":"Comparison of the clinical characteristics between RNA positive and negative patients clinically diagnosed with 2019 novel coronaviruspneumonia","author":"Li YY","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Tuberculos Respirat Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","article-title":"The clinical features of the 143 patients with COVID\u201019 in North\u2010East of Chongqing","author":"Xiao KF","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Third Mil Med Univ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","article-title":"A preliminary study on TCM syndrome characteristics of 88 patients with COVID\u201019 in Tianjin","author":"Sun HY","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","article-title":"Analysis of traditional Chinese medicine syndromes of 46 cases of COVID\u201019","author":"Xu B","journal-title":"Chin J Exp Tradit Med Formulae"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","article-title":"Clinical and epidemiological characteristics of 26 patients diagnosed with novel coronavirus pneumonia","author":"Zhuang YJ","journal-title":"Chin J Nosocomiol"},{"issue":"52","key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","article-title":"Analysis on Chinese medical clinical characteristics of 50 patients with 2019\u2010nCoV\u2010infected pneumonia","volume":"14","author":"Lu Y","year":"2019","journal-title":"Acad J Shanghai Univ Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1136\/bmj.m606"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of 140 patients infected with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 in Wuhan, China","author":"Zhang JJ","journal-title":"Allergy"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_27_1","doi-asserted-by":"crossref","unstructured":"WangD HuB HuC et al.Clinical characteristics of 138 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus\u2010infected pneumonia in Wuhan China.JAMA.2020.https:\/\/www-ncbi-nlm-nih-gov.library.westernwyoming.edu\/pubmed\/?term=32031570. Accessed March 5 2020.","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.1585"},{"issue":"9","key":"e_1_2_9_28_1","first-page":"1061","article-title":"Clinical characteristics of novel coronavirus cases in tertiary hospitals in Hubei province","volume":"133","author":"Kui L","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_29_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_30_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30211-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_31_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMoa2002032"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_32_1","article-title":"Epidemiological and clinical characteristics of 17 hospitalized patients with 2019 novel coronavirus infections outside Wuhan, China","author":"Li J","journal-title":"MedRxiv"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_33_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.1623"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_34_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200463"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_35_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1148\/radiol.2020200230"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_36_1","article-title":"Analysis of CT features of 15 children with 2019 novel coronavirus infection","author":"Feng K","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Pediatr"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_37_1","article-title":"Dynamic changes of chest CT imaging in patients with corona virus disease\u201019 (COVID\u201019)","author":"Wang JC","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Zhejiang Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_38_1","article-title":"Chest CT findings in patients with corona virus disease 2019 and its relationship with clinical features","author":"Wu J","journal-title":"Invest Radiol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_39_1","article-title":"Analysis of Chinese medical characteristics of 35 patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia","author":"Huang XQ","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Emerg Tradit Chin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_40_1","article-title":"Clinical characteristics and CT signs of corona virus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) in the elderly","author":"Cao J","journal-title":"Med J Wuhan Univ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_41_1","article-title":"Chest CT features comparison between COVID\u204319 and bacterial pneumonia","author":"Liao XN","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med J Wuhan Univ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_42_1","article-title":"Chest CT features of COVID\u201019","author":"Yu XT","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Pract Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_43_1","article-title":"Clinical presentations and CT features of imported corona virus disease 2019","author":"Li XH","year":"2020","journal-title":"Chin J Med Imaging Technol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_44_1","unstructured":"LiuFM DingHL GongXM et al.Chest CT performance and clinical characteristics of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019).Radiologic Practice.https:\/\/doi.org\/10.13609\/j.cnki.1000-0313.2020.03.001. Accessed March 5 2020."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_45_1","article-title":"CT characteristic appearances of patients with novel coronavirus pneumonia","author":"Wang K","journal-title":"Chin J Clin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_46_1","article-title":"Clinical effectiveness and case analysis in 54 NCP patients treated with lanhua qingwen granules","author":"Cheng DZ","year":"2020","journal-title":"World Chin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_47_1","article-title":"Clinical and biochemical indicators related to lung injury in patients with 2019\u2010nCoV infection","author":"Liu YX","year":"2020","journal-title":"Scientia Sinica"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_48_1","article-title":"CT findings in 2019 novel coronavirus disease (COVID\u201019) patients","author":"Zhong FY","year":"2020","journal-title":"Med J Wuhan Univ"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_49_1","article-title":"CT features of patients with imported 2019\u2010nCov\u2010pneumonia","author":"Gao L","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Xi'an Jiaotong Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_50_1","article-title":"Clinical efficacy analysis of 50 cases of corona virus disease 2019 in traditional Chinese medicine","author":"Wang T","year":"2020","journal-title":"Jilin J Chin Med"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_51_1","article-title":"Analysis of clinical features of 29 patients with 2019 novel coronavirus pneumonia","author":"Chem L","journal-title":"Chin J Tuberc Respir Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_52_1","article-title":"Advances in research on SARS\u2010CoV\u20102","author":"Su S","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Xi'an Jiaotong Univ Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_53_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1056\/NEJMp2000929"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_54_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2019.07.001"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_55_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.idc.2019.08.001"},{"issue":"2","key":"e_1_2_9_56_1","first-page":"139","article-title":"An update on the epidemiological charac teristics of novel coronavirus pneumonia COVID\u201019","volume":"41","author":"Special expert group for control of the epidemic of novel coronavirus pneumonia of the Chinese Preventive Medicine Association","year":"2020","journal-title":"Zhonghua liu xing bingxue za zhi"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmv.25884","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.25884","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmv.25884","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.25884","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,4]],"date-time":"2023-09-04T16:14:13Z","timestamp":1693844053000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.25884"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"references-count":55,"journal-issue":{"issue":"10","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.25884"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.25884","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,24]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-03-22","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-04-13","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-06-24","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}