{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,6,3]],"date-time":"2026-06-03T14:52:02Z","timestamp":1780498322278,"version":"3.54.1"},"reference-count":20,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"10","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]],"date-time":"2020-06-03T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1591142400000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2020,10]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In this retrospective study, we evaluated the levels of a series of serum biomarkers in coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID\u201019) patients (mild: 131; severe: 98; critical: 23). We found that there were significant increases in levels of human epididymis protein 4 (HE4) (73.6\u2009\u00b1\u200938.3 vs 46.5\u2009\u00b1\u200914.7 pmol\/L; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), cytokeratin\u201019 fragment (CYFRA21\u20101) (2.2\u2009\u00b1\u20090.9 vs 1.9\u2009\u00b1\u20090.8 \u03bcg\/L; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), carcinoembryonic antigen (CEA) (3.4\u2009\u00b1\u20092.2 vs 2.1\u2009\u00b1\u20091.2 \u03bcg\/L; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), carbohydrate antigens (CA) 125 (18.1\u2009\u00b1\u200913.5 vs 10.5\u2009\u00b1\u20094.6 \u03bcg\/L; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), and 153 (14.4\u2009\u00b1\u20098.9 vs 10.1\u2009\u00b1\u20094.4 \u03bcg\/L; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) in COVID\u201019 mild cases as compared to normal control subjects; their levels showed continuous and significant increases in severe and critical cases (HE4, CYFRA21\u20101, and CA125: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001; CEA and CA153: <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). Squamous cell carcinoma antigen (SCC) and CA199 increased significantly only in critical cases of COVID\u201019 as compared with mild and severe cases and normal controls (<jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.01). There were positive associations between levels of C\u2010reactive protein and levels of HE4 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.631; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), CYFRA21\u20101 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.431; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), CEA (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.316; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), SCC (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.351; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001), CA153 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.359; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009&lt;\u2009.001) and CA125 (<jats:italic>R<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.223; <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\u2009=\u2009.031). We concluded that elevations of serum cancer biomarkers positively correlated with the pathological progressions of COVID\u201019, demonstrating diffuse and acute pathophysiological injuries in COVID\u201019.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25957","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,4,29]],"date-time":"2020-04-29T13:29:45Z","timestamp":1588166985000},"page":"2036-2041","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":66,"title":["Elevations of serum cancer biomarkers correlate with severity of COVID\u201019"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"92","author":[{"given":"Xiuqi","family":"Wei","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jingyu","family":"Su","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Kunyu","family":"Yang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Jiazhou","family":"Wei","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Huimin","family":"Wan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Cancer Center, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Xiaoling","family":"Cao","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2334-8988","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Wenbin","family":"Tan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, School of Medicine University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina"},{"name":"Department of Biomedical Engineering, College of Engineering and Computing University of South Carolina Columbia South Carolina"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hui","family":"Wang","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Laboratory Medicine, Tumor Biomarker Branch, Union Hospital, Tongji Medical College Huazhong University of Science and Technology Wuhan China"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,6,3]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_7_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.2648"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/S0140-6736(20)30183-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41586-020-2012-7"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25726"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s11427-020-1637-5"},{"key":"e_1_2_7_7_1","first-page":"2020","article-title":"Classifying 2019\u2010ncov and naming it sars\u2010cov\u20102","volume":"5","author":"The species severe acute respiratory syndrome\u2010related coronavirus","year":"2020","journal-title":"Nat 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