{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,8,21]],"date-time":"2026-08-21T12:37:17Z","timestamp":1787315837050,"version":"build-2736575974"},"reference-count":21,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"1","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]],"date-time":"2020-07-15T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1594771200000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,1]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title>\n                  <jats:p>\n                    Respiratory failure in severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) infection appears related to cytokine release syndrome that often results in mechanical ventilation (MV). We investigated the role of tocilizumab (TCZ) on interleukin\u20106 (IL\u20106) trends and MV in patients with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102. In this longitudinal observational study, 112 patients were evaluated from 1 February to 31 May 2020. TCZ was administered followed by methylprednisolone to patients with &gt;3L oxygen requirement and pneumonia severity index score \u2264130 with computed tomography scan changes. IL\u20106, C\u2010reactive protein (CRP), ferritin, lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), D\u2010dimer, and procalcitonin were monitored on days 0, 3, and 6 of therapy. Statistical analyses were performed with significance \u22640.05. Eighty out of 112 SARS\u2010CoV\u20102\u2010positive patients (45 males, 56.96%; 34 females, 43.04%) were included in this study. Seven patients expired (8.75%) and nine patients required MV (11.25%). Median IL\u20106 levels pre\u2010administration of TCZ was 342.50 (78.25\u2010666.25)\u2009pg\/mL compared with post\u2010administration on day 3 (563; 162\u2010783)\u2009pg\/mL (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009&lt;\u2009.00001). On day 6, the median dropped to 545 (333.50\u2010678.50)\u2009pg\/mL compared with day 3 (\n                    <jats:italic>P<\/jats:italic>\n                    \u2009=\u2009.709). CRP, ferritin, LDH, and D\u2010dimer levels were reduced after TCZ therapy. Early use of TCZ may reduce the need for MV and decrease CRP, ferritin, LDH, and D\u2010dimer levels. The sequential use of methylprednisolone for 72\u2009hours seems to potentiate the effect and prolong the suppression of the cytokine storm. IL\u20106 levels may be helpful as a prognostic tool.\n                  <\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26288","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,9]],"date-time":"2020-07-09T11:34:31Z","timestamp":1594294471000},"page":"491-498","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":19,"title":["Early use of tocilizumab in the prevention of adult respiratory failure in SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infections and the utilization of interleukin\u20106 levels in the management"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Suresh J.","family":"Antony","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center  El Paso Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Michelle A.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine  Las Cruces New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Monique G.","family":"Davis","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine  Las Cruces New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0001-9415-8009","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Nouf K.","family":"Almaghlouth","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine, Mountain View Regional Medical Center Burrell College of Osteopathic Medicine  Las Cruces New Mexico"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Roberto","family":"Guevara","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Clinical Pharmacy The Hospitals of Providence Transmountain Campus  El Paso Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fahad","family":"Omar","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Las Palmas Del Sol Healthcare  El Paso Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Fernando","family":"Del Rey","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Las Palmas Del Sol Healthcare  El Paso Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Ali","family":"Hassan","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Las Palmas Del Sol Healthcare  El Paso Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Muhammad U.","family":"Arian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Las Palmas Del Sol Healthcare  El Paso Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Nishaal","family":"Antony","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center  El Paso Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Bharat V.","family":"Prakash","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Medicine Texas Tech University Health Sciences Center  El Paso Texas"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,15]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_8_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.25948"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jaut.2020.102452"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.chest.2020.04.024"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1007\/s40261-020-00917-3"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.ijantimicag.2020.105954"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_7_1","article-title":"The laboratory diagnosis of COVID\u201019\u2014frequently\u2010asked questions","author":"Fang FC","year":"2020","journal-title":"Clin Infect Dis"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.5582\/ddt.2020.03006"},{"key":"e_1_2_8_9_1","unstructured":"Quality Assessment Tool for Case Series Studies.National Heart Lung and Blood Institute.https:\/\/www.nhlbi.nih.gov\/health-topics\/study-quality-assessment-tools. 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