{"status":"ok","message-type":"work","message-version":"1.0.0","message":{"indexed":{"date-parts":[[2026,9,28]],"date-time":"2026-09-28T05:35:32Z","timestamp":1790573732553,"version":"4.1.0"},"reference-count":25,"publisher":"Wiley","issue":"2","license":[{"start":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]],"date-time":"2020-08-13T00:00:00Z","timestamp":1597276800000},"content-version":"vor","delay-in-days":0,"URL":"http:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/termsAndConditions#vor"}],"content-domain":{"domain":["onlinelibrary.wiley.com"],"crossmark-restriction":true},"short-container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]},"abstract":"<jats:title>Abstract<\/jats:title><jats:p>In the last months of 2019, an outbreak of fatal respiratory disease started in Wuhan, China, and quickly spread to other parts of the world. It was named COVID\u201019, and to date, thousands of cases of infection and death are reported worldwide. This disease is associated with a wide range of symptoms, which makes\u00a0accurate\u00a0diagnosis of it difficult. During previous severe acute respiratory syndrome (SARS) pandemic in 2003, researchers found that the patients with fever, cough, or sore throat had a 5% influenza virus\u2010positive rate. This finding made us think that the wide range of symptoms and also relatively high prevalence of death in our patients may be due to the coinfection with other viruses. Thus, we evaluated the coinfection of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS\u2010CoV\u20102) with other respiratory viruses in dead patients in North Khorasan. We evaluated the presence of influenza A\/B virus, human metapneumovirus, bocavirus, adenovirus, respiratory syncytial virus (RSV), and parainfluenza viruses in 105 SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 positive dead patients, using polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and reverse transcription PCR tests. We found coinfection with influenza virus in 22.3%, RSV, and bocavirus in 9.7%, parainfluenza viruses in 3.9%, human metapneumovirus in 2.9%, and finally adenovirus in 1.9% of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 positive dead cases. Our findings highlight a high prevalence of coinfection with influenza A virus and the monopoly of coinfection with Human metapneumovirus in children.<\/jats:p>","DOI":"10.1002\/jmv.26364","type":"journal-article","created":{"date-parts":[[2020,7,28]],"date-time":"2020-07-28T11:13:52Z","timestamp":1595934832000},"page":"1008-1012","update-policy":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/crossmark_policy","source":"Crossref","is-referenced-by-count":107,"title":["High prevalence of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and influenza A virus (H1N1) coinfection in dead patients in Northeastern Iran"],"prefix":"10.1002","volume":"93","author":[{"given":"Seyed A.","family":"Hashemi","sequence":"first","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences  Bojnurd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Saghar","family":"Safamanesh","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences  Bojnurd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Hamed","family":"Ghasemzadeh\u2010moghaddam","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences  Bojnurd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"given":"Majid","family":"Ghafouri","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Infectious Diseases, School of Medicine North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences  Bojnurd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]},{"ORCID":"https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-2532-8198","authenticated-orcid":false,"given":"Amir","family":"Azimian","sequence":"additional","affiliation":[{"name":"Department of Pathobiology and Laboratory Sciences, School of Medicine North Khorasan University of Medical Sciences  Bojnurd Iran"}],"role":[{"vocabulary":"crossref","role":"author"}]}],"member":"311","published-online":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]]},"reference":[{"key":"e_1_2_9_2_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.cmrp.2020.05.012"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_3_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41564-020-0713-1"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_4_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1038\/s41591-020-0820-9"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_5_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1128\/JCM.00740-13"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_6_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1373\/clinchem.2009.130229"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_7_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1097\/INF.0b013e3181e2062e"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_8_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1515\/cclm-2020-0434"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_9_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2606.200299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_10_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Are co\u2010infections with COVID\u201019 and influenza low or underreported? An observational study examining current published literature including three new unpublished cases","author":"Antony SJ","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_11_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Co\u2010infection with COVID\u201019 and influenza A virus in two died patients with acute respiratory syndrome, Bojnurd, Iran","author":"Hashemi SA","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_12_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Influenza and COVID\u201019 Co\u2010infection: report of 6 cases and review of the literature","author":"Ozaras R","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_13_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The clinical characteristics of pneumonia patients coinfected with 2019 novel coronavirus and influenza virus in Wuhan, China","author":"Ding Q","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_14_1","first-page":"3","article-title":"Co\u2010infection with SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and human metapneumovirus","volume":"103","author":"Touzard\u2010romo F","year":"2020","journal-title":"R I Med J"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_15_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Co\u2010infection in SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 infected patients: where are influenza virus and rhinovirus\/enterovirus?","author":"Nowak MD","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_16_1","unstructured":"WHO Coronavirus Disease (COVID\u201019) Dashboard[Internet].2020 July 04."},{"key":"e_1_2_9_17_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.2991\/j.jegh.2018.08.100"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_18_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.micpath.2017.12.064"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_19_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1186\/s13104-019-4393-y"},{"issue":"177","key":"e_1_2_9_20_1","first-page":"148","article-title":"Prevalence of influenza A\/H1N1 virus in North of Iran, 2013 to 2017","volume":"29","author":"Haghshenas M\u2010R","year":"2019","journal-title":"J Mazandaran Uni Med Sci"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_21_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1016\/j.jcv.2020.104281"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_22_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"Epidemiological evidence for association between higher influenza vaccine uptake in the elderly and lower COVID\u201019 deaths in Italy","author":"Mar\u00edn\u2010Hern\u00e1ndez D","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_23_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.3201\/eid2606.200299"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_24_1","first-page":"1","article-title":"The epidemiology and clinical characteristics of co\u2010infection of SARS\u2010CoV\u20102 and influenza viruses in patients during COVID\u201019 outbreak","author":"Yue H","year":"2020","journal-title":"J Med Virol"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_25_1","doi-asserted-by":"publisher","DOI":"10.1001\/jama.2020.6266"},{"key":"e_1_2_9_26_1","article-title":"Clinical diagnosis of 8274 samples with 2019\u2010novel coronavirus in Wuhan","author":"Wang M","year":"2020","journal-title":"medRxiv"}],"container-title":["Journal of Medical Virology"],"original-title":[],"language":"en","link":[{"URL":"https:\/\/api.wiley.com\/onlinelibrary\/tdm\/v1\/articles\/10.1002%2Fjmv.26364","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.26364","content-type":"application\/pdf","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/full-xml\/10.1002\/jmv.26364","content-type":"application\/xml","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"text-mining"},{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/pdf\/10.1002\/jmv.26364","content-type":"unspecified","content-version":"vor","intended-application":"similarity-checking"}],"deposited":{"date-parts":[[2023,9,1]],"date-time":"2023-09-01T14:23:47Z","timestamp":1693578227000},"score":1,"resource":{"primary":{"URL":"https:\/\/onlinelibrary.wiley.com\/doi\/10.1002\/jmv.26364"}},"subtitle":[],"short-title":[],"issued":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]]},"references-count":25,"journal-issue":{"issue":"2","published-print":{"date-parts":[[2021,2]]}},"alternative-id":["10.1002\/jmv.26364"],"URL":"https:\/\/doi.org\/10.1002\/jmv.26364","archive":["Portico"],"relation":{},"ISSN":["0146-6615","1096-9071"],"issn-type":[{"value":"0146-6615","type":"print"},{"value":"1096-9071","type":"electronic"}],"subject":[],"published":{"date-parts":[[2020,8,13]]},"assertion":[{"value":"2020-06-26","order":0,"name":"received","label":"Received","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-07-24","order":1,"name":"accepted","label":"Accepted","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}},{"value":"2020-08-13","order":2,"name":"published","label":"Published","group":{"name":"publication_history","label":"Publication History"}}]}}